Department of Architecture, School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China.
School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi'an Eurasia University, Xi'an, 710055, China.
Sci Rep. 2023 Sep 26;13(1):16112. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-43077-y.
The thermal comfort of outdoor spaces in colleges and universities is crucial for promoting outdoor activities and relieving psychological pressure. To evaluate outdoor thermal comfort from a new perspective, this study investigated subjects' sunlight perception through physical measurements and questionnaires. Sunlight perception was delineated through a combination of subjective assessments and objective measurements. Subjective assessments encapsulated thermal comfort and sensation votes, and sunlight sensitivity. Objective measurements incorporated physical environmental data such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, illumination, and solar radiation. The Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) was used to examine the thermal sensation of subjects under different sun perceptions to reveal the effect of sunshine sensitivity on subjects. The results showed that in terms of subjective perception, the proportion of people who felt hot outdoors increased with the increase in sunlight perception. Additionally, with the change of sunlight perception, the expected temperature of the crowd also changed. As the sunlight perception changed from weak to strong, the desired temperature of the winter population changed from 21.2 °C to 17.7 °C, and the desired temperature of the autumn population changed from 23.8 °C to 19.8 °C. Appropriately increasing shade outdoors in autumn would enhance the comfort of the crowd, while appropriately increasing the light place in the winter outdoors would enhance the comfort of the crowd. These findings provide valuable insights for thermal comfort design and future research in colleges located in cold areas.
高校户外空间的热舒适性对于促进户外活动和缓解心理压力至关重要。为了从新的角度评估户外热舒适性，本研究通过物理测量和问卷调查来研究受试者的阳光感知。通过主观评估和客观测量相结合来描绘阳光感知。主观评估包括热舒适感和感觉投票，以及阳光敏感度。客观测量包括温度、湿度、风速、光照和太阳辐射等物理环境数据。使用通用热气候指数（UTCI）来研究不同阳光感知下受试者的热感觉，以揭示阳光敏感度对受试者的影响。结果表明，在主观感知方面，户外感到热的人的比例随着阳光感知的增加而增加。此外，随着阳光感知的变化，人群的预期温度也发生了变化。随着阳光感知从弱到强的变化，冬季人群期望的温度从 21.2°C 变为 17.7°C，秋季人群期望的温度从 23.8°C 变为 19.8°C。在秋季适当增加户外遮阳设施会提高人群的舒适度，而在冬季适当增加户外采光场所也会提高人群的舒适度。这些发现为寒冷地区高校的热舒适设计和未来研究提供了有价值的见解。
