Di Crosta Adolfo, Marin Anna, Palumbo Rocco, Ceccato Irene, La Malva Pasquale, Gatti Matteo, Prete Giulia, Palumbo Riccardo, Mammarella Nicola, Di Domenico Alberto
Department of Psychological Science, Humanities and Territory, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
Behav Sci (Basel). 2023 Sep 12;13(9):755. doi: 10.3390/bs13090755.
Cognitive biases are popular topics in psychology and marketing, as they refer to systematic cognitive tendencies in human thinking that deviate from logical and rational reasoning. The framing effect (FE) and the decoy effect (DE) are examples of cognitive biases that can influence decision making and consumer preferences. The FE involves how options are presented, while the DE involves the addition of a third option that influences the choice between the other two options.
We investigated the interaction between the FE and the DE in the case of both incongruent (ID) and congruent (CD) decoys in a sample of undergraduates ( = 471). The study had a two (positive vs. negative valence) × three (original, congruent decoy, incongruent decoy) within-subject design.
The ID option reduces the FE in both positive- and negative-framed conditions compared to the controls, while adding the CD option increases the FE only in the positive-framed condition. Additionally, the inclusion of the CD option enhances the level of decision confidence, whereas no significant differences were found in the ID condition.
Our findings gave new insights into the interplay between two of the most frequent cognitive biases.
认知偏差是心理学和市场营销领域的热门话题，因为它们指的是人类思维中偏离逻辑和理性推理的系统性认知倾向。框架效应（FE）和诱饵效应（DE）是认知偏差的例子，它们会影响决策和消费者偏好。框架效应涉及选项的呈现方式，而诱饵效应涉及添加第三个选项，该选项会影响其他两个选项之间的选择。
我们在一个本科生样本（n = 471）中研究了在不一致（ID）和一致（CD）诱饵情况下框架效应和诱饵效应之间的相互作用。该研究采用了两因素（正价与负价）×三水平（原始选项、一致诱饵、不一致诱饵）的被试内设计。
与对照组相比，不一致选项在正框架和负框架条件下均降低了框架效应，而添加一致选项仅在正框架条件下增加了框架效应。此外，包含一致选项会提高决策信心水平，而在不一致条件下未发现显著差异。
我们的研究结果为两种最常见的认知偏差之间的相互作用提供了新的见解。
