Jiang Yali, Wang Jingjing
College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
J Fungi (Basel). 2023 Sep 16;9(9):940. doi: 10.3390/jof9090940.
Mycopesticides are living preparations that use fungal cells, such as spores and hyphae, as active ingredients. They mainly include mycoinsecticides, mycofungicides, mycoherbicides and nematophagous fungi. The utilization of fungi for controlling agricultural pests can be traced back to approximately 1880, when entomopathogenic fungi were initially employed for this purpose. However, it was not until 1965 that the world's first mycopesticide, , was registered as Boverin in the former Soviet Union. In past decades, numerous novel mycopesticides have been developed for their lower R&D costs, as well as the environmentally friendly and safe nature. In this review, we investigated the mycopesticides situation of registration in USA, EU, China, Canada and Australia. Superisingly, it was found that the registered mycopesticides are extremely raised in recent years. Currently, the insecticides, fungicides (nematocides) and herbicides were respectively registered 27, 53 and 8 fungal strains. This paper also analyzes the main problems currently faced by mycopesticides and offers suggestions for their future development.
微生物农药是利用真菌细胞（如孢子和菌丝）作为活性成分的生物制剂。它们主要包括杀真菌剂、杀线虫剂和食线虫真菌。利用真菌控制农业害虫的历史可以追溯到大约1880年，当时首次使用昆虫病原真菌来达到这一目的。然而，直到1965年，世界上第一种微生物农药，在前苏联被注册为Boverin。在过去几十年里，由于研发成本较低以及环保安全的特性，大量新型微生物农药得以开发。在本综述中，我们调查了美国、欧盟、中国、加拿大和澳大利亚的微生物农药注册情况。令人惊讶的是，发现近年来注册的微生物农药数量急剧增加。目前，杀虫剂、杀菌剂（杀线虫剂）和除草剂分别注册了27种、53种和8种真菌菌株。本文还分析了微生物农药目前面临的主要问题，并对其未来发展提出了建议。
