Roy Vikash Chandra, Islam Md Rakibul, Sadia Sultana, Yeasmin Momota, Park Jin-Seok, Lee Hee-Jeong, Chun Byung-Soo
Institute of Food Science, Pukyong National University, 45 Yongso-ro Namgu, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea.
Department of Fisheries Technology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh.
Mar Drugs. 2023 Sep 9;21(9):485. doi: 10.3390/md21090485.
Fishery production is exponentially growing, and its by-products negatively impact industries' economic and environmental status. The large amount of bioactive micro- and macromolecules in fishery by-products, including lipids, proteins, peptides, amino acids, vitamins, carotenoids, enzymes, collagen, gelatin, chitin, chitosan, and fucoidan, need to be utilized through effective strategies and proper management. Due to the bioactive and healthy compounds in fishery discards, these components can be used as functional food ingredients. Fishery discards have inorganic or organic value to add to or implement in various sectors (such as the agriculture, medical, and pharmaceutical industries). However, the best use of these postharvest raw materials for human welfare remains unelucidated in the scientific community. This review article describes the most useful techniques and methods, such as obtaining proteins and peptides, fatty acids, enzymes, minerals, and carotenoids, as well as collagen, gelatin, and polysaccharides such as chitin-chitosan and fucoidan, to ensure the best use of fishery discards. Marine-derived bioactive compounds have biological activities, such as antioxidant, anticancer, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities. These high-value compounds are used in various industrial sectors, such as the food and cosmetic industries, owing to their unique functional and characteristic structures. This study aimed to determine the gap between misused fishery discards and their effects on the environment and create awareness for the complete valorization of fishery discards, targeting a sustainable world.
渔业产量呈指数级增长，其副产品对各行业的经济和环境状况产生负面影响。渔业副产品中含有大量生物活性微分子和大分子，包括脂质、蛋白质、肽、氨基酸、维生素、类胡萝卜素、酶、胶原蛋白、明胶、几丁质、壳聚糖和岩藻依聚糖，需要通过有效的策略和适当的管理加以利用。由于渔业废弃物中含有生物活性和健康的化合物，这些成分可用作功能性食品配料。渔业废弃物在无机或有机方面具有价值，可添加到或应用于各个领域（如农业、医疗和制药行业）。然而，科学界尚未阐明如何将这些收获后的原材料最有效地用于人类福祉。这篇综述文章介绍了最有用的技术和方法，如获取蛋白质和肽、脂肪酸、酶、矿物质和类胡萝卜素，以及胶原蛋白、明胶和多糖，如几丁质-壳聚糖和岩藻依聚糖，以确保渔业废弃物得到最佳利用。海洋来源的生物活性化合物具有生物活性，如抗氧化、抗癌、抗糖尿病、抗炎和抗菌活性。这些高价值化合物由于其独特的功能和特征结构，被用于食品和化妆品等各个工业领域。本研究旨在确定渔业废弃物滥用与它们对环境的影响之间的差距，并提高人们对渔业废弃物完全增值的认识，目标是实现可持续发展的世界。
