Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, United Kingdom.
Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Bradford, United Kingdom.
PLoS One. 2023 Sep 27;18(9):e0291557. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291557. eCollection 2023.
Child behavioural and mental health problems have become a public health crisis. The consequences of poor mental health in childhood have large economic costs and consequences for the individual, their families, and for society. Early intervention through parenting programmes can reduce the onset of poor mental health in childhood, hence evaluating the effectiveness of parenting programmes is critical. The 'Incredible Years Toddler' parent programme is an education and training intervention designed to enhance the social and emotional wellbeing of children aged 1-3 years. Whilst previous studies show Incredible Years Toddler to provide promising effects on child outcomes in the short term, the research samples have lacked ethnic diversity and representation from socioeconomically deprived families. This quasi-experimental study is registered on ISRCTN (ISRCTN49991769). We will investigate the effectiveness of Incredible Years Toddler being delivered in three neighbourhoods in inner city Bradford, England. These neighbourhoods contain a socially and ethnically diverse population with 84% living in the poorest decile for England and Wales. Parents with a child aged 1-3 years old who are enrolled in Born in Bradford's Better Start interventional family cohort study are eligible for this study. Intervention participants will be matched to a demographically comparable control group using propensity score matching. This study will use retrospective and prospective data from participants who attended Incredible Years groups between September 2018 and April 2024. The required minimum sample is n = 1336 (ratio 1:3) to detect a small effect (odds = 1.5, d = .20) on the Early Years Foundation Stage profile total score at age 5; a measure of early child development that is routinely collected by teachers. We will also establish whether these effects are moderated by child age at entry to intervention, programme delivery mode, socioeconomic status, and ethnicity. We will also estimate the cost of the intervention and conduct a cost-consequence analysis.
儿童行为和心理健康问题已成为公共健康危机。儿童时期心理健康状况不佳会带来巨大的经济成本和个人、家庭和社会后果。通过育儿计划进行早期干预可以减少儿童时期心理健康不良的发生，因此评估育儿计划的有效性至关重要。“不可思议的岁月幼儿”父母计划是一种教育和培训干预措施，旨在增强 1-3 岁儿童的社会和情感福祉。虽然先前的研究表明，“不可思议的岁月幼儿”在短期内对儿童结果有积极影响，但研究样本缺乏种族多样性和来自社会经济贫困家庭的代表性。这项准实验研究已在 ISRCTN（ISRCTN49991769）上注册。我们将调查在英格兰布拉德福德市中心的三个社区中提供“不可思议的岁月幼儿”计划的效果。这些社区的人口具有社会和种族多样性，其中 84%的人居住在英格兰和威尔士最贫困的十分之一地区。1-3 岁儿童的父母，如果参加了布拉德福德的“更好起步”干预性家庭队列研究，就有资格参加这项研究。干预参与者将使用倾向评分匹配与具有相似人口统计学特征的对照组相匹配。这项研究将使用参加“不可思议的岁月”小组的参与者的回顾性和前瞻性数据，这些参与者参加了 2018 年 9 月至 2024 年 4 月之间的“不可思议的岁月”小组。需要的最小样本量为 n = 1336（比例为 1:3），以检测在 5 岁时幼儿基础阶段概况总评分上的小效应（优势比=1.5，d=0.20）；这是教师常规收集的早期儿童发展衡量标准。我们还将确定这些效果是否受儿童进入干预的年龄、计划实施模式、社会经济地位和种族的影响。我们还将估算干预的成本并进行成本效益分析。
