Hamdan Abdul-Latif, Abi Zeid Daou Christophe, Hosri Jad, Abou Raji Feghali Patrick, Jabbour Christopher, Alam Elie, Mourad Marc
Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, American University of Beirut-Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.
Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2024;76(3):219-231. doi: 10.1159/000534271. Epub 2023 Sep 27.
Diabetes mellitus type 2 is a growing health concern that affects several systems in the body, among which is the phonatory apparatus. Voice may be affected in view of the high prevalence of myopathy and neuropathy in diseased subjects. The authors aimed to answer the following question: does type 2 diabetes have an effect on voice?
The systematic review included search terms such as "speech, voice, larynx, glucose, diabetes, and hyperglycemia." The search strategy yielded 221 articles, only five of which satisfied the inclusion criteria. Articles were considered for inclusion using the PRISMA method. Analysis included 321 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 171 controls. All studies included were case-control studies except for one study which was an observational cohort. Six parameters were chosen as endpoints for the systematic review and meta-analysis: the presence/absence of voice complaints, fundamental frequency, jitter, shimmer, noise-to-harmonic ratio, and maximum phonation time.
There was no significant difference in the prevalence of voice complaints (i.e., hoarseness) between diabetic patients and control groups. There was also no significant difference in any of the acoustic and aerodynamic measures between patients with type 2 diabetes and controls. These findings can be ascribed to the high resilience of the laryngeal muscles to the adverse effect of systemic diseases.
There is no consensus in the literature that the prevalence of voice symptoms in diabetic patients is significantly higher than that reported in healthy subjects.
2型糖尿病是一个日益受到关注的健康问题，它会影响身体的多个系统，其中包括发声器官。鉴于患病个体中肌病和神经病变的高患病率，嗓音可能会受到影响。作者旨在回答以下问题：2型糖尿病对嗓音有影响吗？
系统评价纳入了“言语、嗓音、喉部、葡萄糖、糖尿病和高血糖症”等检索词。检索策略共产生221篇文章，其中只有5篇符合纳入标准。采用PRISMA方法筛选纳入文章。分析包括321例2型糖尿病患者和171例对照。除一项观察性队列研究外，所有纳入研究均为病例对照研究。选择六个参数作为系统评价和荟萃分析的终点：是否存在嗓音问题、基频、抖动、闪烁、噪声谐波比和最长发声时间。
糖尿病患者和对照组在嗓音问题（即声音嘶哑）的患病率上没有显著差异。2型糖尿病患者和对照组在任何声学和空气动力学指标上也没有显著差异。这些发现可归因于喉部肌肉对全身性疾病不良反应的高耐受性。
文献中对于糖尿病患者嗓音症状的患病率是否显著高于健康受试者尚无共识。
