Butera Fabrizio, Dompnier Benoît, Darnon Céline
Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; email:
Laboratoire de Psychologie Sociale et Cognitive (LAPSCO), Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France; email:
Annu Rev Psychol. 2024 Jan 18;75:527-554. doi: 10.1146/annurev-psych-013123-102139. Epub 2023 Sep 27.
Achievement goals have been defined as the purpose of competence-relevant behavior. In this respect they connect one of the basic human needs, i.e., competence, to one of society's core values, i.e., achievement. We propose to look at achievement goals through the lens of social influence. We review both the influence that cultural, structural, and contextual factors have on achievement goal endorsement and the influence that endorsing achievement goals allows people to have within their social space. The review allows us to propose a circular model of the influence on and of achievement goals: The culture, social structures, and contexts that are typical of a certain society shape the specific environments in which individuals develop their achievement goals, which in turn has an influence on the expression and circulation of these achievement goals into society, in a social influence cycle.
成就目标被定义为与能力相关行为的目的。在这方面，它们将人类的一种基本需求，即能力，与社会的核心价值观之一，即成就联系起来。我们建议从社会影响的角度审视成就目标。我们既回顾文化、结构和背景因素对成就目标认同的影响，也回顾认同成就目标使人们在其社会空间中所具有的影响。这项综述使我们能够提出一个关于成就目标相互影响的循环模型：特定社会典型的文化、社会结构和背景塑造了个体形成其成就目标的具体环境，反过来，这又会在社会影响循环中对这些成就目标在社会中的表达和传播产生影响。
