Faculty of Sport Sciences, Ege University, Bornova, 35100 Izmir, Turkey.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018 Dec 14;15(12):2871. doi: 10.3390/ijerph15122871.
Understanding leisure-time physical activity is vital for a healthy world. It is well known that physical activity has positive effects on psychological health, but further evidence is required to ascertain how different environments influence positive behavioral outcomes. Thus, the aim of this study was to examine the differences in contextual motivation, affect, and achievement goals according to profiles of basic psychological needs in adult exercisers. The sample consisted of 401 young adult exercisers ranging in age from 18 to 40 years from fitness centers in Izmir, Turkey. Participants completed measures of basic needs satisfaction, exercise motivations, trait affect, and achievement goals. Hierarchical cluster analysis, k-mean cluster analysis, multivariate analysis of variance, and post hoc analyses were performed. The results in this study revealed that the participants in Cluster 1, who were labeled as "very satisfied", had higher scores than the other clusters in terms of positive behavioral outcomes. The results of this study revealed that greater satisfaction of the basic psychological needs leads to positive behavioral consequences in exercise contexts.
了解闲暇时间体力活动对于一个健康的世界至关重要。众所周知，体力活动对心理健康有积极影响，但需要更多的证据来确定不同的环境如何影响积极的行为结果。因此，本研究的目的是根据成年锻炼者基本心理需求的特征来检验环境动机、情感和成就目标的差异。样本由来自土耳其伊兹密尔健身中心的 401 名年龄在 18 至 40 岁的年轻成年锻炼者组成。参与者完成了基本需求满足、锻炼动机、特质情感和成就目标的测量。进行了层次聚类分析、k-均值聚类分析、多变量方差分析和事后分析。本研究的结果表明，在“非常满意”的第 1 组参与者中，在积极的行为结果方面的得分高于其他组。本研究的结果表明，基本心理需求的更大满足会导致锻炼环境中的积极行为后果。
