Psilopatis Iason, Damaskos Christos, Garmpis Nikolaos, Vrettou Kleio, Garmpi Anna, Antoniou Efstathios A, Chionis Athanasios, Nikolettos Konstantinos, Kontzoglou Konstantinos, Dimitroulis Dimitrios
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Erlangen, Universitaetsstrasse 21-23, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
Second Department of Propedeutic Surgery, Laiko General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece.
Biomedicines. 2023 Sep 10;11(9):2503. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines11092503.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) constitutes the most prevalent endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age worldwide. Given the increased risk of ovarian torsion in the presence of large ovarian cysts, polycystic ovarian syndrome could be regarded as one of the most significant risk factors for ovarian and/or adnexal torsion in cases of significantly enlarged ovaries. The aim of the present review is to investigate, for the first time, the association between polycystic ovarian syndrome and ovarian torsion. We performed a review of the literature using the MEDLINE and LIVIVO databases in order to find relevant studies. By using the search terms "polycystic ovarian syndrome" and "ovarian torsion", we were able to identify 14 studies published between 1995 and 2019. The present work constitutes the most up-to-date, comprehensive literature review focusing on the risk of ovarian/adnexal torsion in patients with polycystic ovaries. Ovarian/adnexal torsion seems to be a feared complication in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. Acute lower abdominal pain in patients with known polycystic ovaries represents the most common symptom, while diagnostic assessment almost always incorporates transvaginal ultrasound and computer tomography or magnetic resonance tomography scans. In case of suspected torsion, emergency laparoscopy with ovarian or adnexal detorsion seems to be the standard therapeutic approach with a view to restitute the interrupted blood supply. In cases of repeated ovarian/adnexal torsions, ovariopexy or ovariectomy/adnexectomy had to be discussed with the patient in the context of risk recurrence minimization.
多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）是全球育龄女性中最常见的内分泌疾病。鉴于存在大型卵巢囊肿时卵巢扭转风险增加，多囊卵巢综合征可被视为卵巢显著增大情况下卵巢和/或附件扭转的最重要风险因素之一。本综述的目的是首次研究多囊卵巢综合征与卵巢扭转之间的关联。我们使用MEDLINE和LIVIVO数据库对文献进行了综述，以查找相关研究。通过使用搜索词“多囊卵巢综合征”和“卵巢扭转”，我们能够识别出1995年至2019年间发表的14项研究。本研究是关于多囊卵巢患者卵巢/附件扭转风险的最新、最全面的文献综述。卵巢/附件扭转似乎是多囊卵巢综合征患者令人担忧的并发症。已知患有多囊卵巢的患者出现急性下腹痛是最常见的症状，而诊断评估几乎总是包括经阴道超声检查以及计算机断层扫描或磁共振断层扫描。在怀疑有扭转的情况下，急诊腹腔镜检查并进行卵巢或附件扭转复位似乎是恢复中断血供的标准治疗方法。对于反复发生卵巢/附件扭转的情况，必须在将复发风险降至最低的背景下与患者讨论卵巢固定术或卵巢切除术/附件切除术。
