D'Incà Renata, Sturniolo Giulia
Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences, University of Padua, 35124 Padua, Italy.
Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua, 35128 Padova, Italy.
Diagnostics (Basel). 2023 Sep 13;13(18):2931. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics13182931.
The role of biomarkers in the diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease is not fully characterized. C-reactive protein has a short half-life and elevates quickly after the onset of an inflammatory process; the performance is better in Crohn's disease than in ulcerative colitis. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate is easy to determine, widely available, and cheap, but the long half-life, the influence of age, anemia, smoking, and drugs limit its usefulness. Fecal markers have good specificity, but suboptimal accuracy. Microbial antibodies and novel immunological markers show promise but need further evidence before entering clinical practice. Proteomic methods could represent the dawn of a new era of stool protein/peptide biomarker panels able to select patients at risk of inflammatory bowel disease.
生物标志物在炎症性肠病诊断中的作用尚未完全明确。C反应蛋白半衰期短，在炎症过程发作后迅速升高；在克罗恩病中的表现优于溃疡性结肠炎。红细胞沉降率易于测定、广泛可得且价格低廉，但半衰期长、受年龄、贫血、吸烟和药物影响，限制了其用途。粪便标志物具有良好的特异性，但准确性欠佳。微生物抗体和新型免疫标志物显示出前景，但在进入临床实践前还需要更多证据。蛋白质组学方法可能预示着一个新时代的到来，即能够筛选出炎症性肠病风险患者的粪便蛋白质/肽生物标志物组合。
