Stachurski Piotr, Świątkowski Wojciech, Ciszewski Andrzej, Sarna-Boś Katarzyna, Michalak Agnieszka
Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland.
Department of Oral Surgery, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Sep 20;24(18):14339. doi: 10.3390/ijms241814339.
This review aims to summarize the literature data regarding the effects of different toothpaste compounds in the zebrafish model. provides an insight into the mechanisms of the ecotoxicity of chemicals as well as an assessment of their fate in the environment to determine long-term environmental impact. The regular use of adequate toothpaste with safe active ingredients possessing anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and regenerative properties is one of the most effective strategies for oral healthcare. In addition to water, a typical toothpaste consists of a variety of components, among which three are of predominant importance, i.e., abrasive substances, fluoride, and detergents. These ingredients provide healthy teeth, but their environmental impact on living organisms are often not well-known. Each of them can influence a higher level of organization: subcellular, cellular, tissue, organ, individual, and population. Therefore, it is very important that the properties of a chemical are detected before it is released into the environment to minimize damage. An important part of a chemical risk assessment is the estimation of the ecotoxicity of a compound. The zebrafish model has unique advantages in environmental ecotoxicity research and has been used to study vertebrate developmental biology. Among others, the advantages of this model include its external, visually accessible development, which allows for providing many experimental manipulations. The zebrafish has a significant genetic similarity with other vertebrates. Nevertheless, translating findings from zebrafish studies to human risk assessment requires careful consideration of these differences.
本综述旨在总结有关斑马鱼模型中不同牙膏成分作用的文献数据。深入了解化学物质的生态毒性机制，并评估其在环境中的归宿，以确定长期的环境影响。经常使用含有具有抗菌、抗炎、抗氧化和再生特性的安全活性成分的适当牙膏是口腔保健最有效的策略之一。除水之外，典型的牙膏由多种成分组成，其中三种成分最为重要，即磨料、氟化物和洗涤剂。这些成分能使牙齿保持健康，但其对生物体的环境影响往往并不为人所知。它们中的每一种都可能影响更高层次的组织结构：亚细胞、细胞、组织、器官、个体和种群。因此，在化学物质释放到环境之前检测其特性以尽量减少损害非常重要。化学风险评估的一个重要部分是对化合物生态毒性的估计。斑马鱼模型在环境生态毒性研究中具有独特优势，已被用于研究脊椎动物发育生物学。其中，该模型的优势包括其外部可见的发育过程，这便于进行许多实验操作。斑马鱼与其他脊椎动物具有显著的遗传相似性。然而，将斑马鱼研究的结果转化为人类风险评估需要仔细考虑这些差异。
