Islam Md Shafiul, Banik Subrata, Collinson Maryanne M
Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284-2006, USA.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2023 Sep 8;13(18):2515. doi: 10.3390/nano13182515.
Bimetallic nanocomposites and nanoparticles have received tremendous interest recently because they often exhibit better properties than single-component materials. Improved electron transfer rates and the synergistic interactions between individual metals are two of the most beneficial attributes of these materials. In this review, we focus on bimetallic nanoporous gold (NPG) because of its importance in the field of electrochemical sensing coupled with the ease with which it can be made. NPG is a particularly important scaffold because of its unique properties, including biofouling resistance and ease of modification. In this review, several different methods to synthesize NPG, along with varying modification approaches are described. These include the use of ternary alloys, immersion-reduction (chemical, electrochemical, hybrid), co-electrodeposition-annealing, and under-potential deposition coupled with surface-limited redox replacement of NPG with different metal nanoparticles (e.g., Pt, Cu, Pd, Ni, Co, Fe, etc.). The review also describes the importance of fully characterizing these bimetallic nanocomposites and critically analyzing their structure, surface morphology, surface composition, and application in electrochemical sensing of chemical and biochemical species. The authors attempt to highlight the most recent and advanced techniques for designing non-enzymatic bimetallic electrochemical nanosensors. The review opens up a window for readers to obtain detailed knowledge about the formation and structure of bimetallic electrodes and their applications in electrochemical sensing.
双金属纳米复合材料和纳米颗粒最近受到了极大的关注，因为它们通常表现出比单一组分材料更好的性能。电子转移速率的提高以及各金属之间的协同相互作用是这些材料最有益的两个特性。在本综述中，我们重点关注双金属纳米多孔金（NPG），因为它在电化学传感领域的重要性以及其易于制备的特点。由于其独特的性能，包括抗生物污染和易于修饰，NPG是一种特别重要的支架。在本综述中，描述了几种不同的合成NPG的方法以及不同的修饰方法。这些方法包括使用三元合金、浸渍还原（化学、电化学、混合）、共电沉积退火以及欠电位沉积，再结合用不同金属纳米颗粒（如Pt、Cu、Pd、Ni、Co、Fe等）对NPG进行表面受限的氧化还原置换。该综述还描述了全面表征这些双金属纳米复合材料并严格分析其结构、表面形态、表面组成以及在化学和生物化学物质的电化学传感中的应用的重要性。作者试图突出设计非酶双金属电化学纳米传感器的最新和先进技术。这篇综述为读者打开了一扇窗口，使其能够获得有关双金属电极的形成和结构及其在电化学传感中的应用的详细知识。
