Gajjar Pranavkumar, Ismail Ahmed, Islam Tabibul, Darwish Ahmed G, Moniruzzaman Md, Abuslima Eman, Dawood Ahmed S, El-Saady Abdelkareem M, Tsolova Violeta, El-Kereamy Ashraf, Nick Peter, Sherif Sherif M, Abazinge Michael D, El-Sharkawy Islam
Center for Viticulture and Small Fruit Research, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32308, USA.
Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
Plants (Basel). 2023 Sep 13;12(18):3247. doi: 10.3390/plants12183247.
Like other plant stresses, salinity is a central agricultural problem, mainly in arid or semi-arid regions. Therefore, salt-adapted plants have evolved several adaptation strategies to counteract salt-related events, such as photosynthesis inhibition, metabolic toxicity, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation. European grapes are usually grafted onto salt-tolerant rootstocks as a cultivation practice to alleviate salinity-dependent damage. In the current study, two grape rootstocks, 140 Ruggeri (RUG) and Millardet et de Grasset 420A (MGT), were utilized to evaluate the diversity of their salinity adaptation strategies. The results showed that RUG is able to maintain higher levels of the photosynthetic pigments (Chl-T, Chl-a, and Chl-b) under salt stress, and hence accumulates higher levels of total soluble sugars (TSS), monosaccharides, and disaccharides compared with the MGT rootstock. Moreover, it was revealed that the RUG rootstock maintains and/or increases the enzymatic activities of catalase, GPX, and SOD under salinity, giving it a more efficient ROS detoxification machinery under stress.
与其他植物胁迫一样，盐害是一个核心农业问题，在干旱或半干旱地区尤为突出。因此，适应盐环境的植物已经进化出多种适应策略来应对与盐相关的问题，如光合作用抑制、代谢毒性和活性氧（ROS）生成。作为一种减轻盐害的栽培措施，欧洲葡萄通常嫁接到耐盐砧木上。在本研究中，选用了两种葡萄砧木，140 Ruggeri（RUG）和Millardet et de Grasset 420A（MGT），来评估它们盐适应策略的多样性。结果表明，在盐胁迫下，RUG能够维持较高水平的光合色素（叶绿素总量、叶绿素a和叶绿素b），因此与MGT砧木相比，积累了更高水平的总可溶性糖（TSS）、单糖和双糖。此外，研究还发现，RUG砧木在盐胁迫下维持和/或提高了过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPX）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）的酶活性，使其在胁迫下具有更有效的ROS解毒机制。
