Nekoval Svetlana N, Churikova Arina K, Chernyakovich Maxim N, Pridannikov Mikhail V
Federal Research Center of Biological Plant Protection, p/o 39, 350039 Krasnodar, Russia.
Center of Parasitology "A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution of the Russian Academy of Sciences", 33 Leninsky Prospekt, 119071 Moscow, Russia.
Plants (Basel). 2023 Sep 20;12(18):3323. doi: 10.3390/plants12183323.
Highly adapted obligate endoparasites of the root system, root-knot nematodes ( spp.), cause great damage to agricultural crops. Our research is aimed at the assessment of nematicidal activity and effectiveness of antagonist fungal and bacterial strains against the most common type of root-knot nematode in the south of Russia. By means of molecular genetic identification, it was found that in the south of Russia, the species Chitwood, 1949 and (Kofoid and White, 1919) Chitwood, 1949 cause galls on the roots of open-ground and greenhouse tomato. Screening of microbial agents against second-stage juvenile (J2) was carried out in the laboratory. At the end of the experiment, two liquid fungal cultures of BK-6 and BK-2 were isolated, the nematicidal activity of which reached 100.0 and 70.2%, and exceeded the values of the biological standard (Nemotafagin-Mikopro) by 38.4% and 8.8%. The highest biological efficacy was noted in the liquid cultures of BK-6, BK-2, and BK-8 when introduced into the soil before planting tomato. The number of formed galls on the roots was lower in comparison with the control by 81.0%, 75.5%, and 74.4%.
根结线虫是高度适应的根系专性内寄生线虫，对农作物造成巨大损害。我们的研究旨在评估拮抗菌株和细菌菌株对俄罗斯南部最常见的根结线虫类型的杀线虫活性和效果。通过分子遗传学鉴定发现，在俄罗斯南部，1949年的Chitwood种和1949年（Kofoid和White，1919）的Chitwood种会在露地和温室番茄的根部形成虫瘿。在实验室中对针对二龄幼虫（J2）的微生物制剂进行了筛选。实验结束时，分离出了BK-6和BK-2的两种液体真菌培养物，其杀线虫活性分别达到100.0%和70.2%，比生物标准品（Nemotafagin-Mikopro）的值高出38.4%和8.8%。在种植番茄前将BK-6、BK-2和BK-8的液体培养物施入土壤时，观察到最高的生物防治效果。与对照相比，根部形成的虫瘿数量分别减少了81.0%、75.5%和74.4%。
