Embirsh Hifa Salah Adeen, Stajčić Ivana, Gržetić Jelena, Mladenović Ivana O, Anđelković Boban, Marinković Aleksandar, Vuksanović Marija M
Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, 11120 Belgrade, Serbia.
Department of Physical Chemistry, "VINČA" Institute of Nuclear Sciences-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11351 Belgrade, Serbia.
Polymers (Basel). 2023 Sep 14;15(18):3756. doi: 10.3390/polym15183756.
This paper presents sustainable technology for environmentally friendly composite production. Biobased unsaturated polyester resin (b-UPR), synthesized from waste polyethylene terephthalate (PET) glycosylate and renewable origin maleic anhydride (MAnh) and propylene glycol (PG), was reinforced with unmodified and vinyl-modified biosilica nanoparticles obtained from rice husk. The structural and morphological properties of the obtained particles, b-UPR, as well as composites, were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques. The study of the influence of biosilica modification on the mechanical properties of composites was supported by hardness modeling. Improvement of the tensile strength of the b-UPR-based composite at 2.5 wt.% addition of biosilica modified with vinyl silane, named "b-UPR/SiO-V" composite, has been achieved with 88% increase. The thermal aging process applied to the b-UPR/SiO-V composite, which simulates use over the product's lifetime, leads to the deterioration of composites that were used as fillers in commercial unsaturated polyester resin (c-UPR). The grinded artificially aged b-UPR composites were used as filler in c-UPR for the production of a table top layer with outstanding mechanical properties, i.e., impact resistance and microhardness, as well as fire resistance rated in the V-0 category according to the UL-94 test. Developing sustainable composites that are chemically synthesized from renewable sources is important from the aspect of preserving the environment and existing resources as well as the extending their life cycle.
本文介绍了用于环保复合材料生产的可持续技术。由废弃聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯（PET）糖基化物与可再生来源的马来酸酐（MAnh）和丙二醇（PG）合成的生物基不饱和聚酯树脂（b-UPR），用从稻壳中获得的未改性和乙烯基改性的生物二氧化硅纳米颗粒进行增强。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、核磁共振光谱（NMR）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和透射电子显微镜（TEM）技术对所得颗粒、b-UPR以及复合材料的结构和形态特性进行了表征。通过硬度建模支持了对生物二氧化硅改性对复合材料力学性能影响的研究。在添加2.5 wt.%乙烯基硅烷改性的生物二氧化硅（命名为“b-UPR/SiO-V”复合材料）时，基于b-UPR的复合材料的拉伸强度提高了88%。应用于b-UPR/SiO-V复合材料的热老化过程模拟了产品在其使用寿命期间的使用情况，导致用作商业不饱和聚酯树脂（c-UPR）填料的复合材料性能劣化。将研磨后的人工老化b-UPR复合材料用作c-UPR中的填料，用于生产具有出色力学性能（即抗冲击性和显微硬度）以及根据UL-94测试评定为V-0类别的防火性能的桌面层。从保护环境和现有资源以及延长其生命周期的角度来看，开发由可再生资源化学合成的可持续复合材料非常重要。
