Kountchou Cyrille Levis, Noubom Michel, Ndezo Bisso Borel, Ngouana Kammalac Thierry, Ekpo Alfred Itor, Ngueguim Dougue Aude, Nangwat Claude, Oyono Martin, Ranque Stéphane, Dzoyem Jean Paul
Department of Biochemistry, University of Dschang, Dschang, CMR.
Department of Microbiology, Hematology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Dschang, Dschang, CMR.
Cureus. 2023 Aug 27;15(8):e44213. doi: 10.7759/cureus.44213. eCollection 2023 Aug.
Background Fungal infections mainly caused by are increasing rapidly and represent a serious public health problem in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients. This study aimed to investigate the antifungal susceptibility profile and virulence factors in isolated from HIV-infected patients. Methodology Isolates were identified by biochemical and molecular methods. The antifungal resistance profile was established based on the antifungal susceptibility test performed using the Sensititre YeastOne™ (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA) microdilution technique. The production of phospholipase and proteinase was detected by standard methods. Biofilm formation was performed by the microtiter plate method. Results A total of 73 isolates of were recovered from stool, oral swabs, vaginal swabs, and urine samples. The highest number of isolates (49, 67.05%)was recovered from stool samples. A total of 32.56% of the isolates were multidrug-resistant (MDR). The patients living with HIV and not receiving antiretroviral treatment displayed the highest number of isolates (29, 39.76%), whereas the patients living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy exhibited the lowest number of isolates (2, 2.72%). All isolates were categorized as strong biofilm producers. Among the production of hydrolytic enzymes, 25 (58.13%) and 24 (55.81%) of isolates were classified as strong phospholipase and proteinase producers, respectively. Conclusion The isolates obtained in this study were MDR and strongly expressed biofilm formation and both phospholipase and proteinase hydrolytic enzymes. The results show how pathogenic is in the HIV-infected population and will contribute toward the management of related infections, which may help improve the life quality of people living with HIV.
背景 主要由[具体真菌名称未给出]引起的真菌感染在人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染患者中迅速增加，是一个严重的公共卫生问题。本研究旨在调查从HIV感染患者中分离出的[具体真菌名称未给出]的抗真菌药敏谱和毒力因子。方法 通过生化和分子方法鉴定分离株。基于使用Sensititre YeastOne™（赛默飞世尔科技，马萨诸塞州沃尔瑟姆）微量稀释技术进行的抗真菌药敏试验确定抗真菌耐药谱。通过标准方法检测磷脂酶和蛋白酶的产生。采用微量滴定板法进行生物膜形成实验。结果 共从粪便、口腔拭子、阴道拭子和尿液样本中分离出73株[具体真菌名称未给出]。从粪便样本中分离出的[具体真菌名称未给出]数量最多（49株，67.05%）。共有32.56%的[具体真菌名称未给出]分离株对多种药物耐药（MDR）。未接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的HIV感染者中分离出的[具体真菌名称未给出]数量最多（29株，39.76%），而接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的HIV感染者中分离出的[具体真菌名称未给出]数量最少（2株，2.72%）。所有分离株均被归类为强生物膜产生菌。在水解酶产生方面，分别有25株（58.13%）和24株（55.81%）[具体真菌名称未给出]分离株被归类为强磷脂酶和蛋白酶产生菌。结论 本研究中获得的[具体真菌名称未给出]分离株为MDR，且强烈表达生物膜形成以及磷脂酶和蛋白酶水解酶。结果显示了[具体真菌名称未给出]在HIV感染人群中的致病性，将有助于管理[具体真菌名称未给出]相关感染，这可能有助于提高HIV感染者的生活质量。
