Coelho Julien, Lucas Guillaume, Micoulaud-Franchi Jean-Arthur, Tran Bach, Yon Dong Keon, Taillard Jacques, D'Incau Emmanuel, Philip Pierre, Boyer Laurent, Fond Guillaume
Univ. Bordeaux, SANPSY, UMR 6033, F-33000, Bordeaux, France; CNRS, SANPSY, UMR 6033, F-33000, Bordeaux, France; CHU Bordeaux, Service Universitaire de Médecine du sommeil, F-33000, Bordeaux, France.
Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix-Marseille University, CEReSS-Health Service Research and Quality of Life Center, 27, boulevard Jean -Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France.
Sleep Med. 2023 Nov;111:123-132. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2023.09.013. Epub 2023 Sep 21.
Healthcare workers face an elevated risk of burnout, sleep disorders, and mental health issues, potentially stemming from the misalignment of their circadian rhythm due to nonstandard work schedules. This cross-sectional survey aims to examine the connections between sleep timing, workplace well-being (including burnout and absenteeism), and mental health outcomes (specifically depression and poor sleep) in healthcare workers. Additionally, the survey takes into account individual and professional factors, as well as the interaction with work schedules.
The study encompasses 4,971 healthcare workers from both public and private healthcare facilities in France, including nurses, nursing assistants, and physicians recruited during the third wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. The Maslach Burnout Inventory assesses burnout, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale measures depression, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index evaluates poor sleep. Sleep timing is categorized into morning, neutral, and evening timing, referred to as midsleep. Multivariate logistic regression analysis is conducted to explore the relationships between sleep timing and burnout, depression, and poor sleep, while adjusting for various factors.
The findings reveal that 56.5% of participants experience burnout, 29.8% report depression, and 64.5% report poor sleep. Nurses and nursing assistants exhibit a higher prevalence of poor sleep. Morning sleep timing is associated with burnout among those with fixed schedules and with depression among those with shift schedules. Among physicians, both morning and evening sleep timing are associated with depression, while morning sleep timing is linked to poor sleep across all subgroups.
This study suggests that the misalignment between healthcare workers' internal circadian rhythm and their work schedules may contribute to an increased risk of burnout, depression, and poor sleep. Occupational health services and policymakers should recognize the potential for enhancing workplace well-being and mental health outcomes by enabling healthcare workers to maintain sleep schedules that accommodate their needs.
医护人员面临着更高的职业倦怠、睡眠障碍和心理健康问题风险，这可能源于非标准工作时间表导致的昼夜节律失调。这项横断面调查旨在研究医护人员的睡眠时间、工作场所幸福感（包括职业倦怠和旷工）与心理健康结果（特别是抑郁症和睡眠质量差）之间的联系。此外，该调查还考虑了个人和职业因素，以及与工作时间表的相互作用。
该研究涵盖了法国公立和私立医疗机构的4971名医护人员，包括在新冠疫情第三波期间招募的护士、护理助理和医生。采用马氏职业倦怠量表评估职业倦怠，流行病学研究中心抑郁量表测量抑郁症，匹兹堡睡眠质量指数评估睡眠质量差。睡眠时间分为早晨、中性和晚上时段，即中睡时间。进行多因素逻辑回归分析，以探讨睡眠时间与职业倦怠、抑郁症和睡眠质量差之间的关系，同时对各种因素进行调整。
研究结果显示，56.5%的参与者存在职业倦怠，29.8%报告有抑郁症，64.5%报告睡眠质量差。护士和护理助理睡眠质量差的患病率更高。早晨睡眠时间与固定工作时间表的人出现职业倦怠以及轮班工作时间表的人患抑郁症有关。在医生中，早晨和晚上睡眠时间都与抑郁症有关，而早晨睡眠时间在所有亚组中都与睡眠质量差有关。
这项研究表明，医护人员的内部昼夜节律与工作时间表之间的失调可能会增加职业倦怠、抑郁症和睡眠质量差的风险。职业健康服务机构和政策制定者应认识到，通过使医护人员能够保持符合其需求的睡眠时间表，有可能提高工作场所的幸福感和心理健康结果。
