Departamento de Matemática y Ciencia de la Computación, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Programa Centro Salud Pública, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Sci Rep. 2023 Sep 28;13(1):16293. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-43531-x.
Several studies have shown that, in Chile, income inequality is relevant in explaining health inequities. The COVID-19 pandemic has also had a negative impact, with higher mortality rates in those municipalities of Greater Santiago with lower socioeconomic status. We study inequity in mortality based on Potential Years of Life Lost (PYLL) in 34 urban municipalities of the Metropolitan Region (Greater Santiago) and analyze its evolution between 2018 and 2021 and by COVID-19 waves. To compare the results obtained for PYLL, we also computed the mortality rates adjusted by direct standardization. In addition, we used the concentration index (CI) to measure the health inequalities between municipalities. In the first year of the pandemic, the absolute PYLL and the standardized mortality rate for all causes of death showed an increase of 13.6% and 18.9%, respectively. Moreover, 409,086 years of life were prematurely lost in 2020, one-fifth of them due to COVID-19. The concentration indices confirm inequality in both mortality rates and PYLL, where it is more pronounced when calculating the latter measure. Results show that the deaths due to the COVID-19 pandemic affected the most economically disadvantaged municipalities, and particularly young people in those places.
多项研究表明，在智利，收入不平等是导致健康不平等的一个重要因素。COVID-19 大流行也产生了负面影响，在圣地亚哥大都市区社会经济地位较低的城市，死亡率更高。我们研究了 34 个大都市地区（圣地亚哥大都市区）城市的潜在寿命损失（PYLL）方面的不平等，并分析了 2018 年至 2021 年期间以及 COVID-19 波次之间的演变情况。为了比较 PYLL 的结果，我们还计算了直接标准化调整后的死亡率。此外，我们使用集中指数（CI）来衡量城市之间的健康不平等。在大流行的第一年，所有死因的绝对 PYLL 和标准化死亡率分别增加了 13.6%和 18.9%。此外，2020 年有 409,086 人过早失去生命，其中五分之一是由于 COVID-19。集中指数证实了死亡率和 PYLL 方面的不平等，在后一项指标的计算中，不平等更为明显。结果表明，COVID-19 大流行导致的死亡主要影响了经济最不发达的城市，尤其是这些地方的年轻人。
