Sheffield Julia M, Mohr Holger, Ruge Hannes, Barch Deanna M
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center.
Department of Psychology, Technische Universität Dresden.
Clin Psychol Sci. 2021 Mar;9(2):210-221. doi: 10.1177/2167702620959341. Epub 2021 Feb 16.
Rapid instructed task learning (RITL) is the uniquely human ability to transform task information into goal-directed behavior without relying on trial-and-error learning. RITL is a core cognitive process supported by functional brain networks. In patients with schizophrenia, RITL ability is impaired, but the role of functional network connectivity in these RITL deficits is unknown. We investigated task-based connectivity of eight a priori network pairs in participants with schizophrenia ( = 29) and control participants ( = 31) during the performance of an RITL task. Multivariate pattern analysis was used to determine which network connectivity patterns predicted diagnostic group. Of all network pairs, only the connectivity between the cingulo-opercular network (CON) and salience network (SAN) during learning classified patients and control participants with significant accuracy (80%). CON-SAN connectivity during learning was significantly associated with task performance in participants with schizophrenia. These findings suggest that impaired interactions between identification of salient stimuli and maintenance of task goals contributes to RITL deficits in participants with schizophrenia.
快速指导任务学习（RITL）是人类独有的一种能力，即无需依赖试错学习就能将任务信息转化为目标导向行为。RITL是一种由功能性脑网络支持的核心认知过程。在精神分裂症患者中，RITL能力受损，但功能网络连通性在这些RITL缺陷中的作用尚不清楚。我们在RITL任务执行过程中，研究了精神分裂症患者（n = 29）和对照参与者（n = 31）中八个先验网络对的基于任务的连通性。使用多变量模式分析来确定哪些网络连通性模式能够预测诊断组。在所有网络对中，只有学习过程中扣带回-岛叶网络（CON）和突显网络（SAN）之间的连通性能够以较高的准确率（80%）区分患者和对照参与者。学习过程中CON-SAN连通性与精神分裂症患者的任务表现显著相关。这些发现表明，突显刺激识别与任务目标维持之间的相互作用受损，导致了精神分裂症患者的RITL缺陷。
