School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; email:
Annu Rev Virol. 2023 Sep 29;10(1):183-198. doi: 10.1146/annurev-virology-111821-111322.
Bacteriophages are enigmatic entities that defy definition. Classically, they are specialist viruses that exclusively parasitize bacterial hosts. Yet this definition becomes limiting when we consider their ubiquity in the body coupled with their vast capacity to directly interact with the mammalian host. While phages certainly do not infect nor replicate within mammalian cells, they do interact with and gain unfettered access to the eukaryotic cell structure. With the growing appreciation for the human virome, coupled with our increased application of phages to patients within clinical settings, the potential impact of phage-mammalian interactions is progressively recognized. In this review, we provide a detailed mechanistic overview of how phages interact with the mammalian cell surface, the processes through which said phages are internalized by the cell, and the intracellular processing and fate of the phages. We then summarize the current state-of-the-field with respect to phage-mammalian interactions and their associations with health and disease states.
噬菌体是一种神秘的实体，难以定义。从经典意义上讲，它们是专门寄生在细菌宿主上的病毒。然而，当我们考虑到它们在体内的普遍存在以及它们与哺乳动物宿主直接相互作用的巨大能力时，这个定义就变得具有局限性了。虽然噬菌体肯定不会感染或在哺乳动物细胞内复制，但它们确实会与细胞相互作用，并可以不受限制地进入真核细胞结构。随着人们对人类病毒组的认识不断提高，以及我们在临床环境中越来越多地将噬菌体应用于患者，噬菌体与哺乳动物相互作用的潜在影响正在逐渐被认识到。在这篇综述中，我们详细介绍了噬菌体与哺乳动物细胞表面相互作用的机制，噬菌体被细胞内化的过程，以及噬菌体在细胞内的加工和命运。然后，我们总结了目前关于噬菌体与哺乳动物相互作用及其与健康和疾病状态的关联的研究现状。
