Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China.
Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
Med Oncol. 2023 Sep 29;40(11):311. doi: 10.1007/s12032-023-02167-7.
Cancer has currently become a serious public health issue in many countries worldwide, and tumors of the digestive system have attracted an increasing number of researchers' due to their numerous types, high proportion and wide area of occurrence. While tumors of the digestive system suffer from high mortality rates, leading to untimely diagnosis and a poor prognosis, making it necessary to update current treatment approaches such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. This highlights the importance of exploring novel therapeutic ideas and targets. Traditional Chinese medicine has a long history of clinical use due to its low toxicity and multi-factor targeting of multiple pathways. As a kind of traditional Chinese herb, S. nigrum Linn. is highly regarded for its proven antitumor activity. The aim of this study was to comprehensively recapitulate and analyze the anti-cancer effects and molecular mechanisms of treatment of gastrointestinal tumors with S. nigrum Linn. extracts and related compounds, including classical signaling pathways mediated by them as well as noncoding RNA pathways associated with tumor suppression. Components that have been found to be responsible for the anti-cancer activity of S. nigrum Linn. include solanine, solasonine, solamargine, a-L-rhhamnopyranose, uttroside B, degalactotigonin, glycoprotein, and other compounds. The underlying mechanisms of anti-cancer activity reflected in this study include apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, autophagy, anti-angiogenesis, suppression of metastasis and invasion, immune escape, and increased sensitivity to radiotherapy. S. nigrum Linn. has great potential in the treatment of tumors of the digestive system, and through further clinical trials and pharmacological mechanisms it has the potential to become a uniform and standardized anti-tumor drug.
癌症目前已成为全球许多国家严重的公共卫生问题，而消化系统肿瘤因其种类繁多、比例高、发生范围广，吸引了越来越多的研究人员关注。由于消化系统肿瘤死亡率高，导致诊断不及时、预后不良，因此有必要更新目前的治疗方法，如手术、放疗、化疗。这凸显了探索新的治疗思路和靶点的重要性。由于其低毒性和多因素靶向多途径的特点，中药在临床上的应用已有很长的历史。作为一种传统中药，黑升麻因其已被证实的抗肿瘤活性而备受推崇。本研究旨在全面总结和分析黑升麻提取物及相关化合物治疗胃肠道肿瘤的抗癌作用及其分子机制，包括它们介导的经典信号通路和与肿瘤抑制相关的非编码 RNA 通路。已发现黑升麻中具有抗癌活性的成分包括龙葵碱、澳洲茄碱、澳洲茄边碱、α-L-鼠李吡喃糖、乌头酸 B、去半乳糖托可辛、糖蛋白和其他化合物。本研究中反映的抗癌活性的潜在机制包括细胞凋亡、细胞周期停滞、自噬、抗血管生成、抑制转移和侵袭、免疫逃逸和增加对放疗的敏感性。黑升麻在消化系统肿瘤的治疗中有很大的潜力，通过进一步的临床试验和药理学机制，它有可能成为一种统一和标准化的抗肿瘤药物。
