Giebułtowicz Joanna, Grabicová Kateřina, Brooks Bryan W, Grabic Roman
University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, CZ-389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic; Medical University of Warsaw, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Drug Chemistry, Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, Banacha, PL-02-097 Warsaw, Poland.
University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, CZ-389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic.
Sci Total Environ. 2024 Jan 1;906:167446. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167446. Epub 2023 Sep 29.
Metabolomics is increasingly recognized as a useful approach to characterize environmental pollution gradients. While the performance of analytical procedures must be validated and documented, many studies only briefly describe sampling and sample storage. Here we advance our recent study on the influences of sampling delay and holding media on contaminants of emerging concern in fish plasma by targeted analysis. We specifically examined the metabolome and exposome of common carp under three conditions: plasma sampled immediately after field collection (t = 0 h) and then after 3 h (t = 3 h) or 20 h (t = 20 h) of holding fish in lab water. Plasma samples were analyzed using reversed-phase and HILIC chromatography with mass spectrometric detection. 6143 of the 12,904 compounds (after clustering features) varied among the groups. We observed different metabolite variation patterns depending on the sample collection time. We also identified several xenobiotics (2-Ethylhexyl sulfate, 6-Chloro-5-methyl-1H-benzotriazole) at concentrations generally found at the highest levels in plasma sampled immediately after field collection (t = 0 h). Both the metabolome and the exposome changed rapidly in fish plasma with a time lag, which indicates that obtaining relevant results is complicated by fish-holding conditions. We further identified that non-lethal, relatively low-volume blood sample collection was sufficient with this species, which presents ethical and practical advantages.
代谢组学越来越被认为是一种表征环境污染梯度的有用方法。虽然分析程序的性能必须经过验证和记录，但许多研究只是简要描述了采样和样品储存情况。在此，我们通过靶向分析推进了我们最近关于采样延迟和保存介质对鱼血浆中新兴关注污染物影响的研究。我们具体研究了鲤鱼在三种条件下的代谢组和暴露组：现场采集后立即采集血浆（t = 0小时），然后将鱼置于实验室水中3小时（t = 3小时）或20小时（t = 20小时）后采集血浆。血浆样品采用反相和亲水相互作用液相色谱与质谱检测进行分析。在12904种化合物（聚类特征后）中，有6143种在各组之间存在差异。我们观察到取决于样品采集时间的不同代谢物变化模式。我们还鉴定出几种异生物质（2-乙基己基硫酸盐、6-氯-5-甲基-1H-苯并三唑），其浓度通常在现场采集后立即采集的血浆（t = 0小时）中最高。鱼血浆中的代谢组和暴露组都随时间滞后而迅速变化，这表明获取相关结果因鱼类保存条件而变得复杂。我们进一步确定，对于该物种，采集非致死性、相对少量的血样就足够了，这具有伦理和实际优势。
