Yuan Fangying, Wei Xiaofeng, Li Dongping, Jin Xiaofeng, Wang Jing, Sun Yanchun
Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas, Harbin 150070, China.
Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080, China.
Metabolites. 2024 Dec 21;14(12):721. doi: 10.3390/metabo14120721.
The salinization of the water environment worldwide is increasing, which has brought great challenges to the sustainability of fish farming of aquatic animals. Three NaHCO concentration groups (0 mmol/L, 20 mmol/L, and 60 mmol/L) were set up in this study to investigate growth and metabolic differences between diploid and triploid crucian carp under saline-alkaline stresses. This study utilized UPLC-QTOF/MS metabolomics to analyze significant metabolites and metabolic pathways in the serum of diploid and triploid crucian carp, exposing them to different NaHCO concentrations in saline-alkaline habitats, elucidating the mechanism of their metabolic differences. Results revealed that in the CA20 group, diploid and triploid crucian carp shared 69 differential metabolites, primarily enriched in pathways such as sphingolipid metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, and linoleic acid metabolism. In the CA60 group, 46 differentially metabolites (DMs) were identified, mainly enriched in pathways such as linoleic acid metabolism, unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis and sphingolipid metabolism. The analysis indicated that under different carbonate-saline-alkaline concentrations, diploid and triploid crucian carp primarily enriched in metabolic pathways such as glycerophospholipid metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism, and unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis. With increasing carbonate-alkaline concentrations, hemolytic phospholipids associated with cell apoptosis were significantly upregulated and sphingolipid metabolism related to inflammation was more significantly enriched in triploid crucian carp, indicating that triploid crucian carp exhibited significant sensitivity to high carbonate-saline-alkaline stress and poorer carbonate-saline-alkaline tolerance. The results of this study provided a scientific theoretical basis for the later cultivation and aquaculture research of saline-alkaline-tolerant fish species.
全球水环境盐渍化正在加剧，这给水生动物的鱼类养殖可持续性带来了巨大挑战。本研究设置了三个碳酸氢钠浓度组（0毫摩尔/升、20毫摩尔/升和60毫摩尔/升），以研究二倍体和三倍体鲫鱼在盐碱胁迫下的生长和代谢差异。本研究利用超高效液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱代谢组学分析了二倍体和三倍体鲫鱼血清中的显著代谢物和代谢途径，将它们置于盐碱生境中不同的碳酸氢钠浓度下，阐明其代谢差异的机制。结果显示，在CA20组中，二倍体和三倍体鲫鱼共有69种差异代谢物，主要富集在鞘脂代谢、甘油磷脂代谢和亚油酸代谢等途径中。在CA60组中，鉴定出46种差异代谢物，主要富集在亚油酸代谢、不饱和脂肪酸生物合成和鞘脂代谢等途径中。分析表明，在不同的碳酸盐盐碱浓度下，二倍体和三倍体鲫鱼主要富集在甘油磷脂代谢、鞘脂代谢和不饱和脂肪酸生物合成等代谢途径中。随着碳酸盐碱浓度的增加，与细胞凋亡相关的溶血磷脂显著上调，三倍体鲫鱼中与炎症相关的鞘脂代谢更显著富集，表明三倍体鲫鱼对高碳酸盐盐碱胁迫表现出显著敏感性，碳酸盐盐碱耐受性较差。本研究结果为耐盐碱鱼类的后期养殖和水产养殖研究提供了科学理论依据。
