Huang Shanqian, Kong Yaping, Chen Yao, Huang Xuewen, Ma Pengfei, Liu Xuexin
Center of Environment Protection, China Academy of Transportation Sciences, Beijing, China.
Anhui Transportation Holding Group CO., LTD., Hefei, China.
Front Microbiol. 2023 Sep 14;14:1242506. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1242506. eCollection 2023.
Despite the widespread application of decentralized wastewater treatment (WWT) facilities in China, relatively few research has used the multi-media biological filter (MMBF) facilities to investigate the microorganism characteristics. This study utilizes 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing (HTS) technology to examine the microbial biodiversity of a representative wastewater treatment (WWT) system in an expressway service area. The pathways of nitrogen removal along the treatment route were analyzed in conjunction with water quality monitoring. The distribution and composition of microbial flora in the samples were examined, and the dominant flora were identified using LEfSe analysis. The FAPROTAX methodology was employed to investigate the relative abundance of genes associated with the nitrogen cycle and to discern the presence of functional genes involved in nitrogen metabolism. On average, the method has a high level of efficiency in removing COD, TN, NH3-N, and TP from the effluent. The analysis of the microbial community identified a total of 40 phyla, 111 classes, 143 orders, 263 families, and 419 genera. The phyla that were predominantly observed include , , , , . The results show that the system has achieved high performance in nitrogen removal, the abundance of nitrification genes is significantly higher than that of other nitrogen cycle genes such as denitrification, and there are six nitrogen metabolism pathways, primarily nitrification, among which Nitrospirae and Nitrospira are the core differentiated flora that can adapt to low temperature conditions and participate in nitrification, and are the dominant nitrogen removal flora in cold regions. This work aims to comprehensively investigate the diversity and functional properties of the bacterial community in decentralized WWT processes.
尽管分散式污水处理（WWT）设施在中国得到了广泛应用，但相对较少的研究使用多媒体生物滤池（MMBF）设施来研究微生物特性。本研究利用16S rRNA高通量测序（HTS）技术，对某高速公路服务区一个具有代表性的污水处理（WWT）系统的微生物多样性进行了检测。结合水质监测，分析了沿处理路线的氮去除途径。检测了样品中微生物菌群的分布和组成，并使用线性判别分析效应大小（LEfSe）分析确定了优势菌群。采用FAPROTAX方法研究与氮循环相关基因的相对丰度，并识别参与氮代谢的功能基因的存在。该方法平均对出水的化学需氧量（COD）、总氮（TN）、氨氮（NH₃-N）和总磷（TP）具有较高的去除效率。对微生物群落的分析共鉴定出40个门、111个纲、143个目、263个科和419个属。主要观察到的门包括 ， ， ， ， 。结果表明，该系统在氮去除方面具有高性能，硝化基因的丰度显著高于反硝化等其他氮循环基因，并且存在六条氮代谢途径，主要是硝化作用，其中硝化螺旋菌属（Nitrospirae）和硝化螺旋菌（Nitrospira）是能够适应低温条件并参与硝化作用的核心差异菌群，是寒冷地区的主要氮去除菌群。这项工作旨在全面研究分散式污水处理过程中细菌群落的多样性和功能特性。
