Li Su, Wang Qinghua, Jia Zhen, Da Mengting, Zhao Jiuda, Yang Rui, Chen Daozhen
Research Institute for Reproductive Health and Genetic Diseases, The Affiliated Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214002, China.
Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Jiangsu, 214002, China.
Heliyon. 2023 Sep 25;9(10):e20407. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20407. eCollection 2023 Oct.
Glucose oxidase (GOx) can specifically catalyze the conversion of β-d-glucose into gluconic acid and hydrogen peroxide (HO) in the presence of oxygen, making it promising for tumor starvation therapy and oxidative therapy. However, GOx's immunogenicity, poor in vivo stability, short half-life, and potential systemic toxicity, limit its application in cancer therapy. Nanocarriers are capable of improving the pharmacological properties of therapeutic drugs (e.g. stability, circulating half-life, and tumor accumulation) and lower toxicity, hence resolving GOx issues and enhancing its efficacy. Although the application of targeted nanocarriers based on GOx has recently flourished, this field has not yet been reviewed and evaluated. Herein, we initially examined the mechanism of GOx-based nanocarriers for enhanced tumor therapy. Also, we present a comprehensive and up-to-date review that highlights GOx-based nanocarriers for tumor targeting therapy. This review expands on GOx-based nano-targeted combination therapies from both passive and active targeting perspectives, meanwhile, active targeting is further classified into ligand-mediated targeting and physical-mediated targeting. Furthermore, this review also emphasizes the present challenges and promising advancements.
葡萄糖氧化酶（GOx）在氧气存在下能特异性催化β-D-葡萄糖转化为葡萄糖酸和过氧化氢（H₂O₂），这使其在肿瘤饥饿疗法和氧化疗法方面具有应用前景。然而，GOx的免疫原性、体内稳定性差、半衰期短以及潜在的全身毒性限制了其在癌症治疗中的应用。纳米载体能够改善治疗药物的药理性质（如稳定性、循环半衰期和肿瘤蓄积）并降低毒性，从而解决GOx的问题并提高其疗效。尽管基于GOx的靶向纳米载体的应用近来蓬勃发展，但该领域尚未得到综述和评估。在此，我们首先研究了基于GOx的纳米载体增强肿瘤治疗的机制。此外，我们进行了全面且最新的综述，重点介绍了基于GOx的纳米载体用于肿瘤靶向治疗的情况。本综述从被动靶向和主动靶向两个角度对基于GOx的纳米靶向联合疗法进行了扩展，同时，主动靶向进一步分为配体介导靶向和物理介导靶向。此外，本综述还强调了当前面临的挑战和有前景的进展。
