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“我喜欢好吃的食物,但这些食物对我都没好处。”食物的分类和道德化。

"I enjoy the good foods, all of which are not good for me." The categorization and moralization of food.

机构信息

Washington State University, Human Development, 14204 NE Salmon Creek Ave, Vancouver, WA, 98686, USA.

Washington State University, Human Development, 501 Johnson Tower, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA.

出版信息

Appetite. 2023 Dec 1;191:107071. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2023.107071. Epub 2023 Oct 1.

Abstract

Intuitive eating emphasizes eating in response to physiological cues of hunger and satiety and is associated with multiple positive health outcomes. Unconditional permission to eat (UPE), a domain of intuitive eating, encourages removing food classifications and permission to eat all foods. However, the categorization of food is described as a method to simplify decision making and moralization of foods can help prioritize food items in consumption. Thus, we were interested in understanding how foods are labeled and applied, the moralization of foods, and how individuals with low UPE labeled and moralize foods. Using Prolific Academic, we recruited 49 adults 18 years and older living in the United States to complete an online survey and interview. The survey assessed intuitive eating (IES-2) and the interview explored what and how participants eat and their thoughts and feelings about their body. Participants frequently used multiple labels when talking about foods. Healthy and unhealthy were common and offered a rationale for consumption, emotions were used to label foods, and taste and cost were important to food choice. Participants frequently moralized foods, although three participants explicitly stated they choose not to moralize foods. Individuals reporting low UPE described the importance of restriction and were following strict dietary recommendations. While labeling foods has been proposed to simplify decision-making, the use of labels is highly nuanced and thus understanding the connections between how foods are labeled and behaviors may be highly complex. We suggest future research explore how the categorization and moralization of food are associated with health behaviors and outcomes, how differing definitions of "healthy/unhealthy" foods are associated with behaviors, and the impacts of food insecurity and chronic disease management on food categorization and moralization.

摘要

直觉饮食强调根据饥饿和饱腹感的生理信号进食,与多种积极的健康结果相关。无条件进食许可(UPE)是直觉饮食的一个领域,鼓励消除食物分类,并允许食用所有食物。然而,食物分类被描述为一种简化决策的方法,而对食物的道德化可以帮助优先考虑食物的消费。因此,我们有兴趣了解食物是如何被标记和应用的,食物的道德化,以及低 UPE 的个体如何标记和道德化食物。我们使用 Prolific Academic 招募了 49 名年龄在 18 岁及以上、居住在美国的成年人,让他们完成在线调查和访谈。调查评估了直觉饮食(IES-2),并探讨了参与者的饮食方式、他们对自己身体的想法和感受。参与者在谈论食物时经常使用多种标签。健康和不健康是常见的标签,提供了消费的理由,情绪被用来标记食物,味道和成本对食物选择很重要。参与者经常对食物进行道德化,尽管有三名参与者明确表示他们选择不道德化食物。报告低 UPE 的个体描述了限制的重要性,并遵循严格的饮食建议。虽然提出了标签食物以简化决策,但标签的使用非常复杂,因此理解食物标签与行为之间的联系可能非常复杂。我们建议未来的研究探索食物的分类和道德化如何与健康行为和结果相关,不同的“健康/不健康”食物定义如何与行为相关,以及食品不安全和慢性疾病管理对食品分类和道德化的影响。

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