Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
J Transl Med. 2023 Oct 3;21(1):689. doi: 10.1186/s12967-023-04455-2.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects more than 10% population worldwide and becomes a huge burden to the world. Recent studies have revealed multifold interactions between CKD and gut microbiome and their pathophysiological implications. The gut microbiome disturbed by CKD results in the imbalanced composition and quantity of gut microbiota and subsequent changes in its metabolites and functions. Studies have shown that both the dysbiotic gut microbiota and its metabolites have negative impacts on the immune system and aggravate diseases in different ways. Herein, we give an overview of the currently known mechanisms of CKD progression and the alterations of the immune system. Particularly, we summarize the effects of uremic toxins on the immune system and review the roles of gut microbiota in promoting the development of different kidney diseases. Finally, we discuss the current sequencing technologies and novel therapies targeting the gut microbiome.
慢性肾脏病（CKD）影响着全球超过 10%的人口，给世界带来了巨大的负担。最近的研究揭示了 CKD 与肠道微生物组之间的多方面相互作用及其病理生理意义。CKD 导致肠道微生物组紊乱，从而导致肠道微生物群落的组成和数量失衡，以及随后代谢物和功能的变化。研究表明，失调的肠道微生物组及其代谢物都会对免疫系统产生负面影响，并以不同的方式加重疾病。在此，我们概述了目前已知的 CKD 进展机制和免疫系统的改变。特别地，我们总结了尿毒症毒素对免疫系统的影响，并回顾了肠道微生物组在促进不同肾脏疾病发展中的作用。最后，我们讨论了目前针对肠道微生物组的测序技术和新型治疗方法。
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