Division of Statistics and Data Science, Liaison Center for Innovative Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan.
Department of International and Community Oral Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan.
J Oral Rehabil. 2023 Nov;50(11):1229-1238. doi: 10.1111/joor.13554. Epub 2023 Jul 10.
Tooth loss is associated with reduced protein intake, which leads to sarcopenia and frailty in older adults.
To evaluate the protective effect of dental prostheses on decreased protein intake in older adults with tooth loss.
This cross-sectional study was based on a self-reported questionnaire targeting older adults. Data were obtained from the Iwanuma Survey of the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study. We used % energy intake (%E) of total protein as the outcome and the use of dental prostheses and number of remaining teeth as explanatory variables. We estimated the controlled direct effects of tooth loss by fixing the use/non-use of dental prostheses based on a causal mediation analysis, including possible confounders.
Among 2095 participants, the mean age was 81.1 years (1SD = 5.1), and 43.9% were men. The average protein intake was 17.4%E (1SD = 3.4) of the total energy intake. Among participants with ≥20, 10-19 and 0-9 remaining teeth, the average protein intake was 17.7%E, 17.2%E/17.4%E and 17.0%E/15.4%E (with/without a dental prosthesis), respectively. Compared to participants with ≥20 remaining teeth, those with 10-19 remaining teeth without a dental prosthesis did not have a significantly different total protein intake (p > .05). Among those with 0-9 remaining teeth without a dental prosthesis, total protein intake was significantly low (-2.31%, p < .001); however, the use of dental prostheses mitigated the association by 79.4% (p < .001).
Our results suggest that prosthodontic treatment could contribute to maintaining protein intake in older adults with severe tooth loss.
牙齿缺失与蛋白质摄入量减少有关，这会导致老年人出现肌肉减少症和虚弱。
评估义齿对牙齿缺失的老年人蛋白质摄入减少的保护作用。
本横断面研究基于针对老年人的自我报告问卷。数据来自日本老年人评估研究岩沼调查。我们将总蛋白质的能量摄入百分比（%E）作为结果，将义齿的使用和剩余牙齿数量作为解释变量。我们根据因果中介分析，包括可能的混杂因素，通过固定义齿的使用/不使用来估计牙齿缺失的控制直接效应。
在 2095 名参与者中，平均年龄为 81.1 岁（1SD=5.1），43.9%为男性。平均蛋白质摄入量为总能量摄入的 17.4%E（1SD=3.4）。在剩余牙齿≥20、10-19 和 0-9 颗的参与者中，平均蛋白质摄入量分别为 17.7%E、17.2%E/17.4%E 和 17.0%E/15.4%E（有/无义齿）。与剩余牙齿≥20 颗的参与者相比，无义齿且剩余牙齿为 10-19 颗的参与者的总蛋白质摄入量无显著差异（p>.05）。在无义齿且剩余牙齿为 0-9 颗的参与者中，总蛋白质摄入量显著较低（-2.31%，p<.001）；然而，义齿的使用将这种关联降低了 79.4%（p<.001）。
我们的研究结果表明，修复治疗可能有助于维持严重牙齿缺失的老年人的蛋白质摄入。
