School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
International UNESCO center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Lipids Health Dis. 2023 Oct 4;22(1):165. doi: 10.1186/s12944-023-01923-y.
Non-high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (non-HDL-C) has been identified as a potential biomarker for metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, its predictive capability for MetS varies among different ethnic groups, necessitating further investigation. This study aimed to assess the role of non-HDL-C in the early diagnosis of MetS in the Iranian population through a longitudinal study with a 10-year follow-up period.
Our study enrolled 4684 individuals from the MASHAD (Mashhad Stroke and Heart Atherosclerotic Disorder) cohort who were followed for 10 years to examine the association between non-HDL-C and the incidence of MetS. Additionally, the contribution of individual MetS components to the overall burden was evaluated.
A total of 1599 subjects developed MetS, while 3085 did not. Non-HDL-C levels ≥ 130 were associated with a 42% higher risk of developing MetS (relative risk (RR), 1.42; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.25-1.62). Regarding MetS components, elevated waist circumference (WC) showed the strongest association with MetS incidence (RR, 2.32; 95% CI, 1.45-2.9), whereas triglyceride (TG) levels ≥ 150 mg/dL demonstrated the weakest association (RR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.04-1.46). Additionally, higher HDL-C levels were reported to be 20% protective against the risk of MetS (RR, 0.8; 95% CI, 0.73-0.86). Moreover, fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels ≥ 100 mg/dL were not significantly linked to MetS burden, while systolic blood pressure (BP) levels ≥ 130 mmHg or diastolic BP levels ≥ 85 mmHg increased the risk of MetS incidence (RR, 1.25; 95% CI: 1.11-1.41).
Elevated non-HDL-C and increased WC serve as significant predictors of MetS in Iranians. Strategies targeting non-HDL-C levels and weight loss should be emphasized to mitigate the risk of MetS development.
非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（non-HDL-C）已被确定为代谢综合征（MetS）的潜在生物标志物。然而，它在不同种族群体中的预测能力存在差异，因此需要进一步研究。本研究旨在通过一项为期 10 年的纵向研究，评估非 HDL-C 在伊朗人群中对 MetS 的早期诊断作用。
我们的研究纳入了 MASHAD（马什哈德中风和心脏动脉粥样硬化疾病）队列中的 4684 名个体，对他们进行了 10 年的随访，以研究非 HDL-C 与 MetS 发生率之间的关系。此外，还评估了单个 MetS 成分对总体负担的贡献。
共有 1599 名受试者发生了 MetS，而 3085 名受试者未发生。非 HDL-C 水平≥130 与发生 MetS 的风险增加 42%相关（相对风险（RR），1.42；95%置信区间（CI），1.25-1.62）。关于 MetS 成分，腰围升高（WC）与 MetS 发生率的关联最强（RR，2.32；95%CI，1.45-2.9），而甘油三酯（TG）水平≥150 mg/dL 的关联最弱（RR，1.23；95%CI，1.04-1.46）。此外，较高的高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）水平被报告可降低 20%发生 MetS 的风险（RR，0.8；95%CI，0.73-0.86）。此外，空腹血糖（FBG）水平≥100 mg/dL 与 MetS 负担无显著关联，而收缩压（BP）水平≥130 mmHg 或舒张压（BP）水平≥85 mmHg 则增加了 MetS 发生率的风险（RR，1.25；95%CI：1.11-1.41）。
升高的非 HDL-C 和增加的 WC 是非伊朗人 MetS 的重要预测指标。应强调针对非 HDL-C 水平和体重减轻的策略，以降低 MetS 发生的风险。
