Department of Clinical Immunology, UCH, Cracow, Poland.
Department of Internal Medicine and Rural Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland.
Eur J Med Res. 2023 Oct 4;28(1):397. doi: 10.1186/s40001-023-01374-2.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the most common chronic respiratory diseases, characterised by high morbidity and mortality. COPD is characterised by a progressive decline of lung function caused by chronic inflammatory reactions in the lung tissue due to continual exposure to harmful molecules by inhalation. As prevention plays a very important role in COPD, quitting smoking is the most important factor in reducing the decline in lung function. Unfortunately, many people are unable to break their nicotine addiction. This paper summarises current knowledge about combustible cigarettes (CSs) and alternative tobacco products such as heated tobacco products (HTPs) in COPD. The paper focuses on the immunological aspects of COPD and the influence of tobacco products on lung tissue immunology. There are differences in research results between HTPs and CSs in favour of HTPs. More long-term studies are needed to look at the effects of HTPs, especially in COPD. However, there is no doubt that it would be best for patients to give up their nicotine addiction completely.
慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）是最常见的慢性呼吸道疾病之一，其特点是发病率和死亡率高。COPD 的特征是由于持续吸入有害分子导致肺组织的慢性炎症反应，肺功能逐渐下降。由于预防在 COPD 中起着非常重要的作用，因此戒烟是减少肺功能下降的最重要因素。不幸的是，许多人无法戒除尼古丁成瘾。本文总结了目前关于 COPD 中可燃香烟（CS）和替代烟草产品（如加热烟草产品（HTP））的知识。本文重点介绍了 COPD 的免疫学方面以及烟草产品对肺组织免疫学的影响。HTP 与 CS 之间的研究结果存在差异，HTP 更有优势。需要进行更多的长期研究来观察 HTP 的效果，特别是在 COPD 中。然而，毫无疑问，对于患者来说，完全戒除尼古丁成瘾是最好的。
