Manipal Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Bengaluru, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India.
Department. of Biomedical Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India.
J Mater Sci Mater Med. 2023 Oct 5;34(10):49. doi: 10.1007/s10856-023-06750-2.
Peripheral demyelinating diseases entail damage to axons and Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system. Because of poor prognosis and lack of a cure, this group of diseases has a global impact. The primary underlying cause of these diseases involves the inability of Schwann cells to remyelinate the damaged insulating myelin around axons, resulting in neuronal death over time. In the past decade, extensive research has been directed in the direction of Schwann cells focusing on their physiological and neuroprotective effects on the neurons in the peripheral nervous system. One cause of dysregulation in the remyelinating function of Schwann cells has been associated with oxidative stress. Tissue-engineered biodegradable scaffolds that can stimulate remyelination response in Schwann cells have been proposed as a potential treatment strategy for peripheral demyelinating diseases. However, strategies developed to date primarily focussed on either remyelination or oxidative stress in isolation. Here, we have developed a multifunctional nanofibrous scaffold with material and biochemical cues to tackle both remyelination and oxidative stress in one matrix. We developed a nanofibrous scaffold using polycaprolactone (PCL) as a foundation loaded with antioxidant graphene oxide (GO) and coated this bioscaffold with Schwann cell acellular matrix. In vitro studies revealed both antioxidant and remyelination properties of the developed bioscaffold. Based on the results, the developed multifunctional bioscaffold approach can be a promising biomaterial approach for treating demyelinating diseases.
周围脱髓鞘疾病涉及到周围神经系统中的轴突和施万细胞的损伤。由于预后不良且缺乏治愈方法，这群疾病具有全球性的影响。这些疾病的主要潜在原因涉及施万细胞无法修复受损的轴突周围的绝缘髓鞘，导致神经元随着时间的推移死亡。在过去的十年中，已经针对施万细胞进行了广泛的研究，重点关注它们对周围神经系统中神经元的生理和神经保护作用。施万细胞髓鞘再生功能失调的一个原因与氧化应激有关。已经提出了组织工程可生物降解支架，它可以刺激施万细胞的髓鞘再生反应，作为治疗周围脱髓鞘疾病的潜在治疗策略。然而，迄今为止开发的策略主要集中在髓鞘再生或氧化应激上。在这里，我们开发了一种具有材料和生化线索的多功能纳米纤维支架，以在一个基质中同时解决髓鞘再生和氧化应激问题。我们使用聚己内酯（PCL）作为基础，开发了一种纳米纤维支架，其中负载有抗氧化剂氧化石墨烯（GO），并在生物支架上涂覆了施万细胞去细胞基质。体外研究揭示了所开发的生物支架的抗氧化和髓鞘再生特性。基于这些结果，所开发的多功能生物支架方法可能是治疗脱髓鞘疾病的有前途的生物材料方法。
