Department of Food Science and Experimental Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Food Research Center, CEPID-FAPESP (Research Innovation and Dissemination Centers, São Paulo Research Foundation), São Paulo, Brazil.
PLoS One. 2023 Oct 5;18(10):e0292006. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292006. eCollection 2023.
The present study aims at evaluating trends and determinants of socioeconomic inequalities in consumption of bioactive compounds in representative sample of the Brazilian population the period from 2008-2009 to 2017-2018.
Data from two cross-sectional population-based surveys were analyzed in the study, using descriptive analysis and estimation of inequalities in consumption. Trends in polyphenol and carotenoid intake were estimated using food consumption data from National Dietary Survey (NDS) 2008-2009 (n = 34,003) and 2017-2018 (n = 46,164). Evolution and determinants of inequalities in bioactive compounds intake were identified using analysis of inequality based on concentration index.
Consumption of total polyphenols, phenolic acids, flavonoids and carotenoid classes (except for zeaxanthin) was significantly associated with per capita income after adjustment for potential confounders, being higher income associated with higher intake of bioactive compounds. Disaggregation of inequalities showed that education was the main factor associated with consumption of flavonoids, other polyphenols and β-cryptoxanthin in 2008-2009; whilst income was the main barrier to intake of polyphenols and carotenoids in 2017-2018.
Income level and educational attainment have been important determinants to inequalities in bioactive compounds intake in the Brazilian population throughout the period of analysis, being higher intake of bioactive compounds-rich foods and beverages associated with higher income.
本研究旨在评估巴西人口代表性样本中生物活性化合物消费的社会经济不平等趋势和决定因素，时间跨度为 2008-2009 年至 2017-2018 年。
本研究分析了两项基于人群的横断面调查数据，使用描述性分析和消费不平等估计。使用 2008-2009 年（n=34003）和 2017-2018 年（n=46164）国家饮食调查（NDS）的食物消费数据估计多酚和类胡萝卜素的摄入量。使用集中指数分析不平等的方法，确定生物活性化合物摄入不平等的演变和决定因素。
调整潜在混杂因素后，总多酚、酚酸、类黄酮和类胡萝卜素（除叶黄素外）的消费与人均收入显著相关，收入较高与生物活性化合物的较高摄入量相关。不平等的细分表明，在 2008-2009 年，教育是与类黄酮、其他多酚和β-隐黄质消费相关的主要因素；而在 2017-2018 年，收入是多酚和类胡萝卜素摄入的主要障碍。
在整个分析期间，收入水平和教育程度一直是巴西人口生物活性化合物摄入不平等的重要决定因素，摄入更多富含生物活性化合物的食物和饮料与较高的收入相关。
