Department of Museum Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
J Med Biogr. 2024 Aug;32(3):342-348. doi: 10.1177/09677720231203384. Epub 2023 Oct 5.
Dr Graham Steell, MB CM MD FRCP (1851-1942), an Edinburgh graduate, was a physician at the Manchester Royal Infirmary (1878-1911) and professor of medicine at the Victoria Manchester University (1907-1911). He is mainly remembered for describing the 'Graham Steel murmur', however his name is also associated with the 'Graham Steell monaural stethoscope', which he designed. His clinical examination of the cardiovascular system at the bedside was meticulous, using only his stethoscope, percussion hammer, and a sphygmograph to record the radial pulse. His work is described in his monograph, (1906) and other numerous papers. The University of Manchester Museum of Medicine and Health has a collection of monaural stethoscopes, percussors and sphygmographs. This article explores Dr Steell's clinical techniques and contribution to cardiology in an era before chest X-rays and electrocardiography, and also discusses the use of monaural stethoscopes and percussion hammers by the wider medical profession during the Victorian and Edwardian period.
格拉汉姆·斯蒂尔博士（1851-1942 年），毕业于爱丁堡大学，是曼彻斯特皇家医院的医生（1878-1911 年）和维多利亚曼彻斯特大学的医学教授（1907-1911 年）。他主要因描述“Graham Steel 杂音”而被人们铭记，但他的名字也与他设计的“Graham Steell 单耳听诊器”有关。他在床边对心血管系统进行的临床检查非常细致，仅使用听诊器、叩诊锤和脉搏描记器来记录桡动脉脉搏。他的工作在他的专着《（1906 年）》和其他许多论文中都有描述。曼彻斯特大学医学与健康博物馆收藏了单耳听诊器、叩诊器和脉搏描记器。本文探讨了斯蒂尔博士在 X 光和心电图出现之前的时代的临床技术和对心脏病学的贡献，还讨论了维多利亚和爱德华时代更广泛的医学界对单耳听诊器和叩诊锤的使用。
