Epidemiology and Health Promotion Department, Directorate General of Public Health, Vara de Rey, 8, 26071 Logroño, La Rioja, Spain.
Epidemiology and Health Promotion Department, Directorate General of Public Health, Vara de Rey, 8, 26071 Logroño, La Rioja, Spain.
Psychiatry Res. 2023 Nov;329:115520. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115520. Epub 2023 Oct 1.
In the European Union, a rate of 11.9 cases per 100,000 was estimated in 2019.In Spain, suicide is the leading cause of external death. Social crises can have an impact on suicide rates. We analyzed changes in suicide mortality trends in Spain following the COVID-19 pandemic. We used statistical data from the National Institute of Statistics of Spain (1998-2021). We calculated age-specific rates, age and sex-adjusted rates, and analyzed trends and changes using joinpoint-regression models. Rates decrease in both sexes at the ages of 65 and older. In women, they increase in the ages of 1-29 years and 45-59 years. In men, they decrease in the ages of 15-39 years. Among women, age-adjusted rates remained stable between 1998 and 2021, with a non-significant annual decrease of 0.4 %. Among men, there was a significant annual decrease of 0.7 %. The years 2020 and 2021 had 8 % higher mortality compared to the two years prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. Suicide mortality in Spain slightly decreased among men and remained stable among women between 1998 and 2021, but there seems to be an increase following the COVID-19 pandemic.
在欧盟，2019 年估计每 10 万人中有 11.9 例自杀。在西班牙，自杀是外部死亡的主要原因。社会危机可能对自杀率产生影响。我们分析了 COVID-19 大流行后西班牙自杀死亡率趋势的变化。我们使用了西班牙国家统计局（1998-2021 年）的统计数据。我们计算了特定年龄的比率、年龄和性别调整后的比率，并使用连接点回归模型分析了趋势和变化。在 65 岁及以上的两个性别中，自杀率都有所下降。在女性中，1-29 岁和 45-59 岁年龄组的自杀率上升。在男性中，15-39 岁年龄组的自杀率下降。在女性中，年龄调整后的比率在 1998 年至 2021 年期间保持稳定，每年下降幅度不显著，为 0.4%。在男性中，每年下降幅度显著，为 0.7%。与 COVID-19 大流行前的两年相比，2020 年和 2021 年的死亡率高出 8%。西班牙男性的自杀死亡率在 1998 年至 2021 年间略有下降，而女性则保持稳定，但在 COVID-19 大流行后似乎有所上升。
