Department of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha 13511, Egypt.
Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA.
Res Vet Sci. 2023 Nov;164:105037. doi: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2023.105037. Epub 2023 Oct 2.
While the importance of respiratory microbiota in maintaining respiratory health is increasingly recognized, we still lack a comprehensive understanding of the unique characteristics of respiratory microbiota specific to individual hosts. This study aimed to address this gap by analyzing publicly available 16S rRNA gene datasets from various domestic animals (cats, dogs, pigs, donkeys, chickens, sheep, and cattle) to identify host-specific signatures of respiratory microbiota. The findings revealed that cattle and pigs exhibited the highest Shannon diversity index and observed features, indicating a greater microbial variety compared to other animals. Discriminant analysis demonstrated distinct composition of respiratory microbiota across different animals, with no overlapping abundant taxa. The linear discriminant analysis effect size highlighted prevalent host-specific microbiota signatures in different animal species. Moreover, the composition and diversity of respiratory microbiota were significantly influenced by various factors such as individual study, health status, and sampling sites within the respiratory tract. While associations between host and respiratory microbiota have been uncovered, the relative contributions of host and environment in the selection of respiratory microbiota and their impact on host fitness remain unclear. Further investigations involving diverse hosts are necessary to fully comprehend the significance of host-microbial coevolution in maintaining respiratory health.
虽然呼吸道微生物群在维持呼吸道健康方面的重要性日益得到认可，但我们仍然缺乏对特定于个体宿主的呼吸道微生物群独特特征的全面了解。本研究旨在通过分析来自各种家畜（猫、狗、猪、驴、鸡、羊和牛）的公开可用 16S rRNA 基因数据集来解决这一差距，以确定呼吸道微生物群的宿主特异性特征。研究结果表明，牛和猪表现出最高的 Shannon 多样性指数和观察到的特征，表明与其他动物相比，微生物种类更多。判别分析表明，不同动物的呼吸道微生物群组成明显不同，没有重叠的丰富分类群。线性判别分析效应大小突出了不同动物物种中普遍存在的宿主特异性微生物群特征。此外，呼吸道微生物群的组成和多样性受到个体研究、健康状况和呼吸道内采样部位等多种因素的显著影响。虽然已经揭示了宿主和呼吸道微生物群之间的关联，但宿主和环境在选择呼吸道微生物群及其对宿主适应性的影响方面的相对贡献仍不清楚。需要对更多不同的宿主进行进一步研究，以充分理解宿主-微生物协同进化在维持呼吸道健康方面的重要性。
