Liu Guoxing, Zhang Sen, Xiang Zhijie, Shirani Ihsanullah, Chen Yingyu, Guo Aizhen
National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Veterinary Epidemiology, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China.
Front Microbiol. 2024 Nov 18;15:1467908. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1467908. eCollection 2024.
Vaccination is a widely adopted measure to prevent diseases, but the process of immunization can induce a substantial stress response. This study aimed to investigate the impact of a combined -BoHV-1 vaccine on the upper respiratory tract microbiome and BRD-associated pathogens in calves, as well as to evaluate the effects of potential interventions. The results showed that the percentage of species in the upper respiratory tract was elevated in calves after vaccination without intervention, and was activated and proliferated. Interestingly, none of the three interventions (Sodium selenite-vitamin E, Astragalus polysaccharide and Ceftiofur sodium) affected antibody production after immunization. The administration of sodium selenite-vitamin E and astragalus polysaccharide reduced serum levels of cortisol and malondialdehyde, increased glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), and alleviated the proliferation of . Furthermore, the use of ceftiofur sodium almost completely inhibited the proliferation of induced by immune stress. These findings provide a reference for mitigating the negative impacts associated with vaccination and highlight the potential benefits of using targeted nutritional and antimicrobial interventions to optimize immune responses and maintain a stable respiratory microbiome in calves.
疫苗接种是预防疾病的一项广泛采用的措施，但免疫过程会引发显著的应激反应。本研究旨在调查一种组合型牛疱疹病毒1型（BoHV-1）疫苗对犊牛上呼吸道微生物群和与牛呼吸道疾病（BRD）相关病原体的影响，以及评估潜在干预措施的效果。结果显示，在未经干预的情况下，接种疫苗后犊牛上呼吸道中某物种的百分比升高，且某物质被激活并增殖。有趣的是，三种干预措施（亚硒酸钠-维生素E、黄芪多糖和头孢噻呋钠）均未影响免疫后的抗体产生。亚硒酸钠-维生素E和黄芪多糖的施用降低了皮质醇和丙二醛的血清水平，提高了谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）的水平，并减轻了某物质的增殖。此外，头孢噻呋钠的使用几乎完全抑制了免疫应激诱导的某物质的增殖。这些发现为减轻与疫苗接种相关的负面影响提供了参考，并突出了使用针对性营养和抗菌干预措施来优化免疫反应以及维持犊牛呼吸道微生物群稳定的潜在益处。
