Human Nutrition Program, Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
Human Nutrition Program, Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
Food Res Int. 2023 Nov;173(Pt 1):113293. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113293. Epub 2023 Jul 22.
Breast milk is critical for neonates, providing the necessary energy, nutrients, and bioactive compounds for growth and development. Research indicated that human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) have been shown to shape a beneficial gut microbiota, as well as their metabolism (e.g. short-chain fatty acids). 2'-Fucosyllactose (2'-FL) is one major HMO that composed of 30% of total HMOs.
This study aimed to understand the impact of 2'-FL on the composition and metabolism of infant gut microbiota.
Our study utilized an in-vitro human colonic model (HCM) to investigate the host-free interactions between 2'-FL and infant gut microbiota. To simulate the infant gut microbiota, we inoculated the HCM system with eight representative bacterial species from infant gut microbiota. The effects of 2'-FL on the gut microbial composition and their metabolism were determined through real-time quantitative PCR and liquid-chromatography mass spectrometry (LC/MS). The obtained data were analyzed using Compound Discoverer 3.1 and MetaboAnalyst 4.0.
Our study findings suggest that the intervention of 2'-FL in HCM resulted in a significant change in the abundance of representative bacterial species. PCR analysis showed a consistent increase in the abundance of Parabacteroides. distasonis in all three colon sections. Furthermore, analysis of free fatty acids revealed a significant increase in their levels in the ascending, transverse, and descending colons, except for caproic acid, which was significantly reduced to a non-detectable level. The identification of significant extracellular polar metabolites, such as glutathione and serotonin, enabled us to distinguish between the metabolomes before and after 2'-FL intervention. Moreover, correlation analysis revealed a significant association between the altered microbes and microbial metabolites.
In summary, our study demonstrated the impact of 2'-FL intervention on the defined composition of infant gut microbiota and their metabolic pathways in an in vitro setting. Our findings provide valuable insights for future follow-up investigations into the role of 2'-FL in regulating the growth and development of infant gut microbiota in vivo.
母乳对新生儿至关重要，为其生长发育提供必要的能量、营养物质和生物活性化合物。研究表明，人乳寡糖（HMOs）已被证明可以塑造有益的肠道微生物群及其代谢（例如短链脂肪酸）。2'-岩藻糖基乳糖（2'-FL）是 HMO 中的一种主要成分，占总 HMO 的 30%。
本研究旨在了解 2'-FL 对婴儿肠道微生物群组成和代谢的影响。
我们的研究利用体外人结肠模型（HCM）来研究 2'-FL 与婴儿肠道微生物群之间的无宿主相互作用。为了模拟婴儿肠道微生物群，我们将 8 种来自婴儿肠道微生物群的代表性细菌种接种到 HCM 系统中。通过实时定量 PCR 和液相色谱-质谱联用（LC/MS）来确定 2'-FL 对肠道微生物群组成及其代谢的影响。使用 Compound Discoverer 3.1 和 MetaboAnalyst 4.0 对获得的数据进行分析。
我们的研究结果表明，2'-FL 在 HCM 中的干预导致代表性细菌种的丰度发生显著变化。PCR 分析显示，所有三个结肠段中 Parabacteroides.distasonis 的丰度都一致增加。此外，游离脂肪酸分析显示，除己酸外，在升结肠、横结肠和降结肠中它们的水平都显著增加，而己酸的水平则显著降低至无法检测的水平。鉴定出显著的细胞外极性代谢物，如谷胱甘肽和血清素，使我们能够区分 2'-FL 干预前后的代谢组。此外，相关性分析显示，改变的微生物与微生物代谢物之间存在显著关联。
总之，本研究在体外环境中证明了 2'-FL 干预对婴儿肠道微生物群的定义组成及其代谢途径的影响。我们的研究结果为进一步研究 2'-FL 在调节体内婴儿肠道微生物群生长和发育中的作用提供了有价值的见解。
