Zahran Moustafa
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, El-Menoufia University, Shibin El-Kom, 32512, Egypt.
Menoufia Company for Water and Wastewater, Holding Company for Water and Wastewater, Menoufia, 32514, Egypt.
Heliyon. 2023 Sep 7;9(9):e19943. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19943. eCollection 2023 Sep.
Currently, electrochemical sensors are regarded as an efficient tool for the biological and environmental sensing. Electrochemical sensors, such as voltammetric, amperometric, and impedimetric sensors, have gained great attention due to their simplicity, sensitivity, and selectivity. The performance of these electrochemical sensors could be enhanced by surface engineered nano/micro structured materials with conducting dyes/redox species. In this review, a great focus has been put on the redox-active dyes because of their electronic, optical, electrochromic, and conductivity properties. The mechanisms of oxidation and subsequent polymerization of different redox-active dyes at the surface of electrodes have been studied. Additionally, their role in catalyzing the oxidation or reduction of the target analytes at the surfaces of electrodes has also been highlighted. The redox-active dyes were used as electrochemical probes for detecting various analytes in biological and environmental samples. Overall, redox-active dyes are considered promising conducting polymers for the assessment of many analytes such as drugs, pesticides, surfactants, and heavy metal ions.
目前，电化学传感器被视为生物和环境传感的有效工具。电化学传感器，如伏安传感器、安培传感器和阻抗传感器，因其简单性、灵敏度和选择性而备受关注。通过具有导电染料/氧化还原物种的表面工程纳米/微结构材料可以提高这些电化学传感器的性能。在这篇综述中，由于氧化还原活性染料的电子、光学、电致变色和导电特性，人们对其给予了极大关注。研究了不同氧化还原活性染料在电极表面的氧化及随后的聚合机制。此外，还强调了它们在催化电极表面目标分析物的氧化或还原中的作用。氧化还原活性染料被用作电化学探针，用于检测生物和环境样品中的各种分析物。总体而言，氧化还原活性染料被认为是用于评估许多分析物（如药物、农药、表面活性剂和重金属离子）的有前景的导电聚合物。
