School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.
Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, Utah.
J Surg Res. 2024 Jan;293:413-419. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2023.08.051. Epub 2023 Oct 7.
Recruitment efforts have demonstrated small increases in female and under-represented applicants in recent years; however, the majority of surgical programs remain predominantly Caucasian and male. With increased national emphasis on Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion initiatives and mentoring programs, applicants to surgical specialties have continued to increase. While strategies to improve gender and racial diversity are now openly discussed, it is unclear if we have seen significant improvement. We sought to analyze the gender and diversity trends between surgical specialties.
Publicly available data from the Association of American Medical Colleges, National Board of Medical Examiners, and Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education were extracted to determine total number, gender, and diversity of surgery applicants and active residents from the years 2018 to 2021. Surgical specialties within the main match were compared through an analysis completed through Microsoft Excel.
Between the years from 2018 to 2021, there was a rise in diversity representation among all surgical residents except for orthopedics which remained less than 30%. Orthopedics, Neurosurgery, and Thoracic Integrated training programs have the lowest rates of female representation among current residents at 16.72%, 20.37%, and 30.05%, respectively. General surgery demonstrates the greatest increase of female residents with a positive 6% change over this recent four-year time period.
There has been minimal positive progress in gender and diversity representation in surgical subspecialties overall in recent years. Continued advocacy through mentorship and scholarship programs is recommended to achieve greater gender and diversity representation in general surgery and surgical subspecialties.
近年来，招聘工作已经证明女性和代表性不足的申请人有所增加；然而，大多数外科项目仍然以白人和男性为主。随着对多样性、公平性和包容性倡议以及指导计划的国家重视程度的提高，外科专业的申请人数量继续增加。虽然现在正在公开讨论改善性别和种族多样性的策略，但尚不清楚是否已经取得显著改善。我们试图分析外科专业的性别和多样性趋势。
从美国医学协会、国家医师考试委员会和研究生医学教育认证委员会提取公开数据，以确定 2018 年至 2021 年期间外科申请人和现役住院医师的总人数、性别和多样性。通过在 Microsoft Excel 中完成的分析，比较主要匹配中的外科专业。
在 2018 年至 2021 年期间，除了骨科之外，所有外科住院医师的多样性代表率都有所上升，而骨科的比例仍低于 30%。骨科、神经外科和胸科综合培训项目的现任住院医师中女性代表比例最低，分别为 16.72%、20.37%和 30.05%。普通外科显示出女性住院医师比例的最大增长，在最近四年期间，这一比例增长了 6%。
近年来，外科专科的性别和多样性代表性总体上几乎没有取得积极进展。建议通过指导和奖学金计划继续倡导，以实现普通外科和外科专科的更大性别和多样性代表性。
