Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Zhongshan East Road 361, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, PR China.
Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Zhongshan East Road 361, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, PR China.
Sci Total Environ. 2024 Jan 1;906:167639. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167639. Epub 2023 Oct 7.
Excessive exposure to per and poly-fluoroalkyl compounds (PFAS) can lead to various negative health effects. However, there's a lack of research studying the link between PFAS exposure and depression in adults, and the existing findings are inconsistent.
Utilizing data collected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database spanning 2005 to 2018, this study aimed to examine the potential connection between PFAS exposure and depressive symptoms in adults.
The correlation between individual PFAS exposure and depressive symptoms was examined through the establishment of weighted logistic regression models (crude model, model 1, model 2) and restricted cubic spline models. To verify the stability of the model, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves of the logistic regression model were generated, and a ten-fold cross-validation model was employed. Additionally, the relationship between adult depressive symptoms and mixed PFAS exposure was tested through the utilization of quantile g-computation (qgcomp).
The findings revealed that heightened exposure levels to PFOA, PFHxS, and PFUnDA, were connected with a diminished risk of depressive symptoms in adults (OR: 0.67, 95 % confidence interval (CI): 0.47, 0.95; OR: 0.66, 95 %CI: 0.49, 0.89; OR: 0.65, 95 %CI: 0.45, 0.96). PFOS, PFHxS, and PFDA demonstrated a dose-response relationship with the risk of depressive symptoms. The ROC curve indicated model stability, with recognition accuracy exceeding 90 % in the cross-validation model. The outcomes of qgcomp demonstrated that an increase in serum PFAS concentration was linked to a decreased risk of depressive symptoms in adults (OR: 0.85, 95 %CI: 0.75, 0.96).
Due to the cross-sectional design of this study, it's important to acknowledge the potential for reverse causality between PFAS exposure and depressive symptoms. As a result, the outcomes should not be oversimplified to interpret PFAS exposure as a protective factor against adult depressive symptoms.
过多接触全氟和多氟烷基物质（PFAS）会导致各种负面健康影响。然而，目前关于 PFAS 暴露与成年人抑郁之间关联的研究还比较缺乏，且现有研究结果并不一致。
利用 2005 年至 2018 年国家健康和营养检查调查（NHANES）数据库的数据，本研究旨在探讨 PFAS 暴露与成年人抑郁症状之间的潜在关联。
通过建立加权逻辑回归模型（原始模型、模型 1、模型 2）和限制立方样条模型，研究个体 PFAS 暴露与抑郁症状之间的相关性。为了验证模型的稳定性，生成了逻辑回归模型的受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线，并采用了 10 倍交叉验证模型。此外，还通过使用分位数广义估计方程（qgcomp）检验了成年抑郁症状与混合 PFAS 暴露之间的关系。
研究结果表明，高水平的 PFOA、PFHxS 和 PFUnDA 暴露与成年人抑郁症状风险降低有关（OR：0.67，95%置信区间（CI）：0.47，0.95；OR：0.66，95%CI：0.49，0.89；OR：0.65，95%CI：0.45，0.96）。PFOS、PFHxS 和 PFDA 与抑郁症状风险呈剂量-反应关系。ROC 曲线表明模型稳定性良好，交叉验证模型中的识别准确率超过 90%。qgcomp 的结果表明，血清 PFAS 浓度的增加与成年人抑郁症状风险的降低有关（OR：0.85，95%CI：0.75，0.96）。
由于本研究采用的是横断面设计，因此需要认识到 PFAS 暴露与抑郁症状之间可能存在反向因果关系。因此，不应过于简单地将研究结果解释为 PFAS 暴露是预防成年人抑郁症状的保护因素。
