Department of Radiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.
Philips Healthcare, Shanghai, China.
Magn Reson Med. 2024 Feb;91(2):819-827. doi: 10.1002/mrm.29886. Epub 2023 Oct 10.
To develop a portable MR perfusion phantom for quality-controlled assessment and reproducibility of arterial spin labeled (ASL) perfusion measurement.
A 3D-printed perfusion phantom was developed that mimics the branching of arterial vessels, capillaries, and a chamber containing cellulose sponge representing tissue characteristics. A peristaltic pump circulated distilled water through the phantom, and was first evaluated at 300, 400, and 500 mL/min. Longitudinal reproducibility of perfusion was performed using 2D pseudo-continuous ASL at 20 post-label delays (PLDs, ranging between 0.2 and 7.8 s at 0.4-s intervals) over a period of 16 weeks, with three repetitions each week. Multi-PLD data were fitted into a general kinetic model for perfusion quantification (f) and arterial transit time (ATT). Intraclass correlation coefficient was used to assess intersession reproducibility.
MR perfusion signals acquired in the 3D-printed perfusion phantom agreed well with the experimental conditions, with progressively increasing signal intensities and decreasing ATT for pump flow rates from 300 to 500 mL/min. The perfusion signal at 400 mL/min and the general kinetic model-derived f and ATT maps were similar across all PLDs for both intrasession and intersession reproducibility. Across all 48 experimental time points, the average f was 75.55 ± 3.83 × 10 mL/mL/s, the corresponding ATT was 2.10 ± 0.20 s, and the T was 1.84 ± 0.102 s. Intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.92 (95% confidence interval 0.83-0.97) for f, 0.96 (0.91-0.99) for ATT, and 0.94 (0.88-0.98) for T , demonstrating excellent reproducibility.
A simple, portable 3D-printed perfusion phantom with excellent reproducibility of 2D pseudo-continuous ASL measurements was demonstrated that can serve for quality-controlled and reliable measurements of ASL perfusion.
开发一种便携式磁共振灌注体模，用于控制动脉自旋标记（ASL）灌注测量的质量和再现性。
开发了一种 3D 打印灌注体模，模拟动脉血管、毛细血管和一个包含纤维素海绵的腔室的分支，代表组织特征。蠕动泵将蒸馏水通过体模循环，首先在 300、400 和 500 mL/min 下进行评估。使用 2D 伪连续 ASL 在 16 周的时间内进行 20 个标记后延迟（PLD，范围在 0.2 到 7.8 s 之间，间隔 0.4 s）的灌注纵向再现性，每周重复三次。多 PLD 数据拟合到一般的灌注量化（f）和动脉传输时间（ATT）动力学模型中。采用组内相关系数评估组内重复性。
在 3D 打印灌注体模中采集的 MR 灌注信号与实验条件吻合良好，随着泵流速从 300 增加到 500 mL/min，信号强度逐渐增加，ATT 逐渐降低。在 400 mL/min 时的灌注信号和一般动力学模型衍生的 f 和 ATT 图在两次内和两次内的所有 PLD 之间都是相似的。在所有 48 个实验时间点，平均 f 为 75.55±3.83×10 mL/mL/s，相应的 ATT 为 2.10±0.20 s，T 为 1.84±0.102 s。f 的组内相关系数为 0.92（95%置信区间为 0.83-0.97），ATT 为 0.96（0.91-0.99），T 为 0.94（0.88-0.98），表明具有极好的再现性。
我们演示了一种简单、便携的 3D 打印灌注体模，具有出色的 2D 伪连续 ASL 测量再现性，可用于 ASL 灌注的质量控制和可靠测量。
