帐篷内丙烷/异丁烷燃料罐炉具产生的一氧化碳水平。

Carbon Monoxide Levels Produced by Propane/Isobutane Canister Stoves inside a Tent.

机构信息

University of Louisville, Department of Emergency Medicine, Louisville, KY.

出版信息

Wilderness Environ Med. 2023 Dec;34(4):513-516. doi: 10.1016/j.wem.2023.06.006. Epub 2023 Oct 9.

DOI:10.1016/j.wem.2023.06.006

PMID:37816660

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

Improper use of camp stoves in enclosed spaces has resulted in fatalities from carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning. Prior research has focused on the CO output of stoves burning white gas, unleaded gas, or kerosene. Stoves burning an isobutane/propane fuel have not been investigated and are the focus of this study.

METHODS

Three stoves utilizing isobutane/propane fuel were used to heat a pot of water inside a 3-season tent under controlled settings. Multiple runs with each stove were performed, and CO measurements, in parts per million (ppm), were recorded at 1-min intervals for a total of 15 min using a RAE Systems gas monitor. Data are reported as mean with SD. Repeated measures analysis of variance was utilized to examine changes over time. Statistical significance was set at P<0.05.

RESULTS

There was a statistically significant main effect of time and CO level, F (14, 168)=7.6, P<0.001. There was a statistically significant difference between-subjects effect of stove group F (2, 12)=8.6, P=0.005, indicating that CO levels were different depending on the stove. Tukey's post-hoc analyses revealed that stove A had the highest CO levels. The average level of stove A was statistically significantly higher than that of stove B and stove C, with a mean CO level difference of 79 ppm (95% CI, 3-156), P=0.043 and 117 ppm (95% CI, 40-194), P=0.004, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

Stoves utilizing isobutane/propane fuel can produce unsafe CO levels and should not be used in enclosed spaces.

摘要

简介

在封闭空间中不当使用露营炉会导致一氧化碳（CO）中毒致死。先前的研究集中在燃烧白油、无铅汽油或煤油的炉子的 CO 排放量上。燃烧异丁烷/丙烷燃料的炉子尚未进行调查，是本研究的重点。

方法

在受控环境下，使用三种利用异丁烷/丙烷燃料的炉子在三季帐篷内加热一壶水。对每种炉子进行多次运行，并使用 RAE Systems 气体监测器以 1 分钟的间隔记录 15 分钟内每百万分（ppm）的 CO 测量值。数据以平均值和标准差报告。采用重复测量方差分析来检查随时间的变化。统计显著性设置为 P<0.05。

结果

时间和 CO 水平的主效应具有统计学意义，F（14, 168）=7.6，P<0.001。炉子组之间的差异具有统计学意义，F（2, 12）=8.6，P=0.005，表明 CO 水平因炉子而异。Tukey 的事后分析表明，炉子 A 的 CO 水平最高。炉子 A 的平均水平明显高于炉子 B 和炉子 C，CO 水平差异分别为 79 ppm（95%置信区间，3-156），P=0.043 和 117 ppm（95%置信区间，40-194），P=0.004。