Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran.
Biotechnol Appl Biochem. 2024 Feb;71(1):72-80. doi: 10.1002/bab.2522. Epub 2023 Oct 10.
In this study, we designed nanoparticles (NPs) based on polylactic acid glycolic acid modified with chitosan and folic acid to optimize the anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects of arctiin (ARC), and we measured its effects on cancer cells, including colon cancer. NPs were synthesized using the W1/O/W2 double-emulsion solvent evaporation method. Physicochemical characteristics of synthesized NPs (ARC-PCF-NPs), including average particle size, dispersity index (PDI), zeta potential (ZP), field emission scanning electron microscope figures, and encapsulation efficiency (EE), were evaluated. 2,2'-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) methods were carried out to determine the antioxidant properties of NPs. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide assay was performed to investigate cytotoxicity effects on cancer cells and normal fibroblasts. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction was also performed on inflammatory and antioxidant genes. The obtained results indicated that the synthesized NPs have a size of 100 nm, a DPI of 0.36, a ZP of 26.30 mV, and EE was calculated at about 87.5%. The antioxidant influence of ARC-PCF-NPs was confirmed by inhibiting ABTS and DPPH free radicals and ferrous reduction in the FRAP method. Moreover, the reduction of inflammatory and antioxidant genes confirmed the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of NPs. These results indicate the modification of the surface of NPs in order to increase the bioavailability, stability, and effectiveness of medicinal compounds in therapeutic applications.
在这项研究中，我们设计了基于聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物的纳米粒子（NPs），并用壳聚糖和叶酸对其进行修饰，以优化牛蒡子苷（ARC）的抗癌、抗炎和抗氧化作用，并测量其对包括结肠癌在内的癌细胞的影响。NPs 是通过 W1/O/W2 双乳液溶剂蒸发法合成的。我们评估了合成的 NPs（ARC-PCF-NPs）的理化特性，包括平均粒径、分散指数（PDI）、Zeta 电位（ZP）、场发射扫描电子显微镜图和包封效率（EE）。我们使用 2,2'-联氮-双（3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸）（ABTS）、2,2-二苯基-1-苦基肼（DPPH）和铁还原抗氧化能力（FRAP）法来测定 NPs 的抗氧化性能。我们通过 3-（4,5-二甲基噻唑-2-基）-2,5-二苯基-2H-四唑溴盐测定法来研究 NPs 对癌细胞和正常成纤维细胞的细胞毒性作用。还进行了定量聚合酶链反应，以研究炎症和抗氧化基因。结果表明，合成的 NPs 的粒径为 100nm，PDI 为 0.36，ZP 为 26.30mV，EE 约为 87.5%。ARC-PCF-NPs 的抗氧化作用通过抑制 ABTS 和 DPPH 自由基以及 FRAP 法中的亚铁还原得到证实。此外，炎症和抗氧化基因的减少证实了 NPs 的抗炎和抗氧化特性。这些结果表明，为了提高药物化合物在治疗应用中的生物利用度、稳定性和有效性，需要对 NPs 的表面进行修饰。
