Suzuki Y, Nagao Y, Kato H, Matsumoto M, Nerome K, Nakajima K, Nobusawa E
J Biol Chem. 1986 Dec 25;261(36):17057-61.
Human influenza A virus isolates bearing antigenically different H1 (A/PR/8/34), H2 (A/Japan/305/57), and H3 (A/Aichi/2/68, A/X-31) hemagglutinin serotypes caused extensive hemagglutination, low pH fusion, and hemolysis of asialoerythrocytes reconstituted with gangliosides. Sialylparaglobosides (IV3NeuAc-nLc4Cer, IV6NeuAc-nLc4Cer), I-active and i-active (VI3NeuAc-nLc6Cer) gangliosides, and GM3-NeuAc commonly exhibited significant specific receptor activity toward the viruses. A/PR/8/34 recognized IV3NeuAc-nLc4Cer containing the NeuAc alpha 2-3Gal sequence preferentially over IV6NeuAc-nLc4Cer containing NeuAc alpha 2-6Gal, whereas the other two recognized the NeuAc alpha 2-6Gal sequence preferentially over NeuAc alpha 2-3Gal. Responsiveness of erythrocytes labeled with gangliosides containing NeuGc to the viruses used was considerably lower than that of erythrocytes labeled with gangliosides containing NeuAc. The activities of GM1a, GM2, and GD1b bearing NeuAc on inner galactose of the ganglio series core were also very low. These results indicate that sialyloligosaccharides of IV3NeuAc-nLc4Cer, IV6NeuAc-nLc4Cer, I-active ganglioside, and VI3NeuAc-nLc6Cer in addition to GM3-NeuAc and GM1b-NeuAc (Suzuki, Y., Matsunaga, M., and Matsumoto, M. (1985), J. Biol. Chem. 260, 1362-1365; Suzuki, Y., Matsunaga, M., Nagao, Y., Taki, T., Hirabayashi, Y., and Matsumoto, M. (1985) Vaccine 3, 201-203) are functional receptor determinants toward hemagglutinin of human influenza A viruses, and the viruses differentiate microdomains of the gangliosides, such as the sialic acid species (NeuAc, NeuGc) and the sequence of sialic acid linkages (NeuAc alpha 2-3Gal, NeuAc alpha 2-6Gal).
携带抗原性不同的H1（A/PR/8/34）、H2（A/日本/305/57）和H3（A/爱知/2/68、A/X-31）血凝素血清型的人甲型流感病毒分离株，可引起用神经节苷脂重建的去唾液酸红细胞发生广泛的血凝、低pH融合和溶血。唾液酰副球蛋白（IV3NeuAc-nLc4Cer、IV6NeuAc-nLc4Cer）、I活性和i活性（VI3NeuAc-nLc6Cer）神经节苷脂以及GM3-NeuAc通常对这些病毒表现出显著的特异性受体活性。A/PR/8/34优先识别含有NeuAcα2-3Gal序列的IV3NeuAc-nLc4Cer，而不是含有NeuAcα2-6Gal的IV6NeuAc-nLc4Cer，而另外两种病毒则优先识别NeuAcα2-6Gal序列而不是NeuAcα2-3Gal序列。用含有NeuGc的神经节苷脂标记的红细胞对所用病毒的反应性明显低于用含有NeuAc的神经节苷脂标记的红细胞。神经节系列核心内半乳糖上带有NeuAc的GM1a、GM2和GD1b的活性也非常低。这些结果表明，除了GM3-NeuAc和GM1b-NeuAc（铃木洋、松永真、松本正。（1985年），《生物化学杂志》260卷，第1362 - 1365页；铃木洋、松永真、长尾洋、泷田、平林洋、松本正。（1985年）《疫苗》3卷，第201 - 203页）外，IV3NeuAc-nLc4Cer、IV6NeuAc-nLc4Cer、I活性神经节苷脂和VI3NeuAc-nLc6Cer的唾液酸寡糖是人甲型流感病毒血凝素的功能性受体决定簇，并且这些病毒能够区分神经节苷脂的微结构域，如唾液酸种类（NeuAc、NeuGc）和唾液酸连接序列（NeuAcα2-3Gal、NeuAcα2-6Gal）。
