Choi Yong Jun, Lee Min Jae, Byun Min Kwang, Park Sangho, Park Jimyung, Park Dongil, Kim Sang-Hoon, Kim Youngsam, Lim Seong Yong, Yoo Kwang Ha, Jung Ki Suck, Park Hye Jung
Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Tuberc Respir Dis (Seoul). 2024 Jan;87(1):65-79. doi: 10.4046/trd.2023.0028. Epub 2023 Oct 12.
Exhaled condensates contain inflammatory biomarkers; however, their roles in the clinical field have been under-investigated.
We prospectively enrolled subjects admitted to pulmonology clinics. We collected exhaled breath condensates (EBC) and analysed the levels of six and 12 biomarkers using conventional and multiplex enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively.
Among the 123 subjects, healthy controls constituted the largest group (81 participants; 65.9%), followed by the preserved ratio impaired spirometry group (21 patients; 17.1%) and the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) group (21 patients; 17.1%). In COPD patients, platelet derived growth factor-AA exhibited strong positive correlations with COPD assessment test (ρ=0.5926, p=0.0423) and COPD-specific version of St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ-C) score (total, ρ=0.6725, p=0.0166; activity, ρ=0.7176, p=0.0086; and impacts, ρ=0.6151, p=0.0333). Granzyme B showed strong positive correlations with SGRQ-C score (symptoms, ρ=0.6078, p=0.0360; and impacts, ρ=0.6007, p=0.0389). Interleukin 6 exhibited a strong positive correlation with SGRQ-C score (activity, ρ=0.4671, p=0.0378). The absolute serum eosinophil and basophil counts showed positive correlations with pro-collagen I alpha 1 (ρ=0.6735, p=0.0164 and ρ=0.6295, p=0.0283, respectively). In healthy subjects, forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1)/forced vital capacity demonstrated significant correlation with CC chemokine ligand 3 (CCL3)/macrophage inflammatory protein 1 alpha (ρ=0.3897 and p=0.0068). FEV1 exhibited significant correlation with CCL11/eotaxin (ρ=0.4445 and p=0.0017).
Inflammatory biomarkers in EBC might be useful to predict quality of life concerning respiratory symptoms and serologic markers. Further studies are needed.
呼出气冷凝物中含有炎症生物标志物；然而，它们在临床领域的作用尚未得到充分研究。
我们前瞻性地纳入了呼吸科门诊的患者。我们收集了呼出气冷凝物（EBC），并分别使用传统酶联免疫吸附测定法和多重酶联免疫吸附测定法分析了6种和12种生物标志物的水平。
在123名受试者中，健康对照组人数最多（81名参与者；65.9%），其次是肺功能保留率受损组（21名患者；17.1%）和慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）组（21名患者；17.1%）。在COPD患者中，血小板衍生生长因子-AA与COPD评估测试（ρ=0.5926，p=0.0423）以及COPD特异性版本的圣乔治呼吸问卷（SGRQ-C）评分（总分，ρ=0.6725，p=0.0166；活动，ρ=0.7176，p=0.0086；影响，ρ=0.6151，p=0.0333）呈强正相关。颗粒酶B与SGRQ-C评分（症状，ρ=0.6078，p=0.0360；影响，ρ=0.6007，p=0.0389）呈强正相关。白细胞介素6与SGRQ-C评分（活动，ρ=0.4671，p=0.0378）呈强正相关。血清嗜酸性粒细胞和嗜碱性粒细胞绝对计数与I型前胶原α1呈正相关（分别为ρ=0.6735，p=0.0164和ρ=0.6295，p=0.0283）。在健康受试者中，一秒用力呼气容积（FEV1）/用力肺活量与CC趋化因子配体3（CCL3）/巨噬细胞炎性蛋白1α呈显著相关（ρ=0.3897，p=0.0068）。FEV1与CCL11/嗜酸性粒细胞趋化因子呈显著相关（ρ=0.4445，p=0.0017）。
EBC中的炎症生物标志物可能有助于预测呼吸症状和血清学标志物相关的生活质量。需要进一步研究。
