MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2023 Oct 13;72(41):1108-1114. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm7241a2.
During the 2022-23 influenza season, early increases in influenza activity, co-circulation of influenza with other respiratory viruses, and high influenza-associated hospitalization rates, particularly among children and adolescents, were observed. This report describes the 2022-23 influenza season among children and adolescents aged <18 years, including the seasonal severity assessment; estimates of U.S. influenza-associated medical visits, hospitalizations, and deaths; and characteristics of influenza-associated hospitalizations. The 2022-23 influenza season had high severity among children and adolescents compared with thresholds based on previous seasons' influenza-associated outpatient visits, hospitalization rates, and deaths. Nationally, the incidences of influenza-associated outpatient visits and hospitalization for the 2022-23 season were similar for children aged <5 years and higher for children and adolescents aged 5-17 years compared with previous seasons. Peak influenza-associated outpatient and hospitalization activity occurred in late November and early December. Among children and adolescents hospitalized with influenza during the 2022-23 season in hospitals participating in the Influenza Hospitalization Surveillance Network, a lower proportion were vaccinated (18.3%) compared with previous seasons (35.8%-41.8%). Early influenza circulation, before many children and adolescents had been vaccinated, might have contributed to the high hospitalization rates during the 2022-23 season. Among symptomatic hospitalized patients, receipt of influenza antiviral treatment (64.9%) was lower than during pre-COVID-19 pandemic seasons (80.8%-87.1%). CDC recommends that all persons aged ≥6 months without contraindications should receive the annual influenza vaccine, ideally by the end of October.
在 2022-23 流感季节，观察到流感活动早期增加，流感与其他呼吸道病毒共同流行，以及流感相关住院率高，尤其是在儿童和青少年中。本报告描述了<18 岁儿童和青少年的 2022-23 流感季节，包括季节性严重程度评估；美国流感相关就诊、住院和死亡估计；以及流感相关住院的特征。与基于前几个季节流感相关门诊就诊、住院率和死亡的阈值相比，2022-23 流感季节儿童和青少年的严重程度较高。在全国范围内，与前几个季节相比，<5 岁儿童的 2022-23 季节流感相关门诊就诊和住院的发病率相似，而 5-17 岁儿童和青少年的发病率较高。流感相关门诊就诊和住院活动的高峰出现在 11 月下旬和 12 月初。在参与流感住院监测网络的医院中，因流感住院的儿童和青少年中，接种疫苗的比例（18.3%）低于前几个季节（35.8%-41.8%）。在许多儿童和青少年接种疫苗之前，流感的早期传播可能导致 2022-23 季节住院率高。在有症状的住院患者中，接受流感抗病毒治疗的比例（64.9%）低于 COVID-19 大流行前几个季节（80.8%-87.1%）。疾病预防控制中心建议，所有无禁忌症的 6 个月以上人群都应接种年度流感疫苗，理想情况下应在 10 月底前接种。
