School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Somali National University, Mogadishu, Somalia.
WHO, Somalia Country Office, Mogadishu, Somalia.
Front Public Health. 2023 Sep 27;11:1219992. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1219992. eCollection 2023.
Despite the longstanding psychosocial impact of the interactable conflict in Somalia for the last 30 years, there is lack of epidemiological studies of mental health conditions, especially at the population level.
The aim of this study is to fill the epidemiological gap and provide population based data on mental health conditions in the South-Central region of Somalia. The specific objectives were: (1) To determine the epidemiological patterns of mental disorders in three sites; Baidoa, Dolow and Kismayo, (2) Understand the socio-demographic characteristics associated with mental health conditions in the study sites, and (3) To assess the correlates between psychological trauma and the mental wellbeing of the population.
This was a cross-sectional study of 713 respondents recruited from the three sites namely Dolow, Baidoa and Kismayo. Data on sociodemographic characteristics and mental disorders were collected using the MINI and sociodemographic questionnaire. Basic descriptive statistics were used to summarize sociodemographic characteristics. Univariable and multivariable logistic regressions were used to examine factors associated with common mental disorders. Statistical significance was considered at a value of <0.05.
Participants' mean age was 32.6 (±10.7) years. More than half (58.5%) of the respondents were male. The overall prevalence of common mental disorders was 557 (78.1%) with panic disorder (39.3%), generalized anxiety disorders (34.9%), major depressive episode current (32.1) and PTSD (29.9%). According to the multivariable logistic regression analysis, being male AOR = 1.74 (95%CI = 1.25, 2.42), having a family size of more than 10 members AOR =1.37 (95% CI = 1.00, 1.89), being unemployed AOR = 1.90 (95%CI = 1.18, 3.06), experienced starvation AOR =3.46 (95%CI = 2.23, 5.37), khat use AOR = 5.87 (955 CI, 1.75-19.65), were identified as predicting factors for the common mental disorders among the study participants.
There is a high prevalence of mental disorders with anxiety disorders being the commonest. Findings reflect earlier studies that showed higher rates in conflict and post-conflict settings. It also aligns with past studies in Somalia. As such, there is an urgent need to integrate mental health and psychosocial support within the primary healthcare and other service sectors such as education considering the vast majority of the population are young.
尽管过去 30 年来，索马里交互冲突的心理社会影响一直存在，但缺乏对心理健康状况的流行病学研究，尤其是在人群层面。
本研究旨在填补这一流行病学空白，并提供索马里中南部地区人群心理健康状况的基于人群的数据。具体目标是：(1) 确定三个地点（拜多阿、多洛和基斯马尤）的精神障碍流行模式；(2) 了解与研究地点心理健康状况相关的社会人口学特征；(3) 评估心理创伤与人群心理健康之间的相关性。
这是一项在三个地点（多洛、拜多阿和基斯马尤）招募的 713 名受访者的横断面研究。使用 MINI 和社会人口学问卷收集社会人口学特征和精神障碍数据。采用基本描述性统计方法总结社会人口学特征。采用单变量和多变量逻辑回归分析与常见精神障碍相关的因素。统计显著性水平设为 <0.05。
参与者的平均年龄为 32.6（±10.7）岁。超过一半（58.5%）的受访者为男性。常见精神障碍的总体患病率为 557 例（78.1%），其中惊恐障碍占 39.3%、广泛性焦虑障碍占 34.9%、当前重性抑郁发作占 32.1%和创伤后应激障碍占 29.9%。根据多变量逻辑回归分析，男性 AOR=1.74（95%CI=1.25，2.42）、家庭规模超过 10 人 AOR=1.37（95%CI=1.00，1.89）、失业 AOR=1.90（95%CI=1.18，3.06）、经历过饥饿 AOR=3.46（95%CI=2.23，5.37）、使用阿拉伯茶 AOR=5.87（95%CI，1.75-19.65），这些因素被确定为研究参与者常见精神障碍的预测因素。
精神障碍患病率较高，焦虑障碍最为常见。研究结果反映了早些时候的研究结果，即冲突和冲突后环境中的发生率更高。这也与索马里过去的研究结果一致。因此，鉴于绝大多数人口都很年轻，需要在初级保健和其他服务部门（如教育部门）整合心理健康和心理社会支持。
