Anbesaw Tamrat, Zenebe Yosef, Asmamaw Amare, Shegaw Maregu, Birru Nahom
Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia.
Front Psychiatry. 2022 Oct 25;13:1026878. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1026878. eCollection 2022.
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may develop as a serious long-term consequence of traumatic experiences, even many years after trauma exposure. Dessie town residents have experienced prolonged armed conflict due to inter-communal conflict in 2021. Those people are exposed to different kinds of trauma, and violence, making them more prone to psychological disorders. Despite the highest number of people affected due to conflict and its negative impact on mental health, post-traumatic stress disorders among people are overlooked in Ethiopia. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of post-traumatic stress disorder among people who experienced traumatic events in Dessie town, Ethiopia, 2022.
Community based cross-sectional study was conducted on June 8-July 7, 2022, by using a multi-stage cluster sampling with a total sample of 785. Pretested, structured questionnaires and face-to-face interviews were used for data collection. PTSD was assessed by the Post-traumatic stress disorder Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5). Data was entered using Epi-data version 3.1 and, then exported to SPSS version 26 for analysis. The association between outcome and independent variables was analyzed with bi-variable and multivariable logistic regression. -values less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
The prevalence of PTSD among Dessie town residents was found to be 19.4% (95% CI, 16.7, 22.0). In multivariable analysis, being females (AOR = 1.63, 95% CI 1.10-2.44), previous history of mental illness (AOR = 3.14, 95% CI 1.14-7.06) depressive symptoms (AOR = 3.12, 95% CI 1.92-5.07), witnessing a serious physical injury of a family member or friend (AOR = 2.82, 95% CI 1.18-6.70) and high perceived life threats (AOR = 5.73, 95% CI 3.05-10.78) were found to be significant predictors of PTSD.
The prevalence of PTSD among Dessie town residents was found to be huge. Being female, having a previous history of mental illness, depressive symptoms, witnessing a serious physical injury of a family member or friend, and high perceived life threats were variables that are independent predictors of PSTD. People who have experienced such a severe traumatic event require psychosocial support to aid in their recovery from the terrible experiences.
创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）可能作为创伤经历的严重长期后果而出现，甚至在创伤暴露多年后。德西镇居民在2021年因社区间冲突经历了长期武装冲突。这些人遭受了不同类型的创伤和暴力，使他们更容易患上心理障碍。尽管受冲突影响的人数最多且冲突对心理健康有负面影响，但埃塞俄比亚人民中的创伤后应激障碍却被忽视。本研究旨在评估2022年在埃塞俄比亚德西镇经历创伤事件的人群中创伤后应激障碍的患病率及相关因素。
2022年6月8日至7月7日进行了基于社区的横断面研究，采用多阶段整群抽样，总样本量为785。使用经过预测试的结构化问卷和面对面访谈进行数据收集。通过《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第5版创伤后应激障碍检查表（PCL-5）评估创伤后应激障碍。数据使用Epi-data 3.1版本录入，然后导出到SPSS 26版本进行分析。通过双变量和多变量逻辑回归分析结果与自变量之间的关联。P值小于0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
德西镇居民中创伤后应激障碍的患病率为19.4%（95%置信区间，16.7, 22.0）。在多变量分析中，女性（比值比[AOR]=1.63，95%置信区间1.10 - 2.44）、既往精神疾病史（AOR = 3.14，95%置信区间1.14 - 7.06）、抑郁症状（AOR = 3.12，95%置信区间1.92 - 5.07）、目睹家庭成员或朋友严重身体伤害（AOR = 2.82，95%置信区间1.18 - 6.70）以及高感知生活威胁（AOR = 5.73，95%置信区间3.05 - 10.78）被发现是创伤后应激障碍的重要预测因素。
发现德西镇居民中创伤后应激障碍的患病率很高。女性、有既往精神疾病史、抑郁症状、目睹家庭成员或朋友严重身体伤害以及高感知生活威胁是创伤后应激障碍的独立预测变量。经历过如此严重创伤事件的人需要心理社会支持以帮助他们从可怕的经历中恢复。
