Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Benadir University, KM-5 Sobe, Dagmada, Hodan District, Mogadishu, Somalia.
BMC Psychiatry. 2024 Aug 27;24(1):579. doi: 10.1186/s12888-024-06020-7.
Depressive disorders are among the common mental health conditions in the general outpatient setting and affect patients' load and treatment outcomes. People who suffer from depression frequently consult general practitioners and prefer to attribute their symptoms to physical illness rather than mental illness. Little is known about the magnitude and associated factors of depression among patients attending general outpatient services in Somalia. The study aimed at determining the prevalence and associated factors of depression among them.
This is an institution-based cross-sectional study among randomly selected 422 patients who attended general outpatient services of two hospitals in Mogadishu. We applied three standardized instruments, such as the Somali version of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), the Oslo Social Support Scale (OSSS-3), and the Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10). We analyzed data using the statistical software SPSS version 29. We calculated prevalence and its 95% Confidence Interval (CI) and identified associated factors by bivariate and Multivariate analysis. We considered the association significant when p value is < 0.05.
The prevalence of depression symptoms was found to be 55% (95% CI 50-60%). The result also showed that 55.0% were females, 50.7% were aged between 26 and 44 years, 44.3% were single, 29.9% achieved tertiary education, and 44.3% were unemployed. Multivariate analysis established that age of between 26 and 44 years (aOR = 2.86, 95%CI:1.30-6.29, p = 0.009), being separated/divorced (aOR = 2.37, 95%CI: 1.16-4.82, p = 0.018), income level of ≤$100 (aOR = 3.71, 95% CI:1.36-10.09, p = 0.010), and high stress levels (aOR = 20.06, 95%CI:7.33-54.94, p < 0.001) were independent factors that significantly associated with depressive symptoms.
This study found high levels of depression among patients attending outpatient clinics, with age, marital status, education level, income level, family history of psychiatry disorder, and stress level being key predictors. Regular screening among patients in outpatient clinics and proper referral are crucial in ensuring that those at high risk of depression are managed effectively.
抑郁障碍是普通门诊中常见的心理健康问题之一，会影响患者的负担和治疗结果。患有抑郁症的人经常会去看全科医生，并更倾向于将自己的症状归因于身体疾病而非精神疾病。在索马里，人们对普通门诊患者中抑郁的程度和相关因素知之甚少。本研究旨在确定他们中抑郁的患病率和相关因素。
这是一项在摩加迪沙两家医院的普通门诊服务中随机选择的 422 名患者中进行的基于机构的横断面研究。我们应用了三种标准化工具，如索马里版患者健康问卷（PHQ-9）、奥斯陆社会支持量表（OSSS-3）和感知压力量表-10（PSS-10）。我们使用统计软件 SPSS 版本 29 分析数据。我们计算了患病率及其 95%置信区间（CI），并通过单变量和多变量分析确定了相关因素。当 p 值 < 0.05 时，我们认为关联具有统计学意义。
发现抑郁症状的患病率为 55%（95%CI 50-60%）。结果还表明，55.0%为女性，50.7%年龄在 26-44 岁之间，44.3%为单身，29.9%接受过高等教育，44.3%失业。多变量分析确定年龄在 26-44 岁之间（aOR=2.86，95%CI：1.30-6.29，p=0.009）、分居/离婚（aOR=2.37，95%CI：1.16-4.82，p=0.018）、收入水平≤$100（aOR=3.71，95%CI：1.36-10.09，p=0.010）和高压力水平（aOR=20.06，95%CI：7.33-54.94，p<0.001）是与抑郁症状显著相关的独立因素。
本研究发现，在门诊就诊的患者中存在较高水平的抑郁，年龄、婚姻状况、教育水平、收入水平、精神疾病家族史和压力水平是关键预测因素。在门诊患者中进行常规筛查并进行适当转诊对于确保那些高风险的抑郁患者得到有效管理至关重要。
