Fenelon Mathilde, Galvez Paul, Kalbermatten Daniel, Scolozzi Paolo, Madduri Srinivas
Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland.
INSERM, BIOTIS, U1026, Université de Bordeaux, 33076 Bordeaux, France.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Sep 22;24(19):14424. doi: 10.3390/ijms241914424.
The amniotic membrane (AM) is the innermost part of the fetal placenta, which surrounds and protects the fetus. Due to its structural components (stem cells, growth factors, and proteins), AMs display unique biological properties and are a widely available and cost-effective tissue. As a result, AMs have been used for a century as a natural biocompatible dressing for healing corneal and skin wounds. To further increase its properties and expand its applications, advanced hybrid materials based on AMs have recently been developed. One existing approach is to combine the AM with a secondary material to create composite membranes. This review highlights the increasing development of new multilayer composite-based AMs in recent years and focuses on the benefits of additive manufacturing technologies and electrospinning, the most commonly used strategy, in expanding their use for tissue engineering and clinical applications. The use of AMs and multilayer composite-based AMs in the context of nerve regeneration is particularly emphasized and other tissue engineering applications are also discussed. This review highlights that these electrospun multilayered composite membranes were mainly created using decellularized or de-epithelialized AMs, with both synthetic and natural polymers used as secondary materials. Finally, some suggestions are provided to further enhance the biological and mechanical properties of these composite membranes.
羊膜是胎儿胎盘的最内层，它围绕并保护着胎儿。由于其结构成分（干细胞、生长因子和蛋白质），羊膜具有独特的生物学特性，是一种广泛可用且经济高效的组织。因此，羊膜作为一种天然生物相容性敷料用于治疗角膜和皮肤伤口已有一个世纪的历史。为了进一步提升其性能并拓展其应用，基于羊膜的先进复合材料近来得到了开发。一种现有的方法是将羊膜与第二种材料结合以制造复合膜。这篇综述着重介绍了近年来新型多层复合羊膜的不断发展，并聚焦于增材制造技术和静电纺丝（最常用的策略）在扩大其在组织工程和临床应用方面的益处。特别强调了羊膜和多层复合羊膜在神经再生方面的应用，同时也讨论了其他组织工程应用。这篇综述强调，这些静电纺丝多层复合膜主要是使用脱细胞或去上皮的羊膜制成的，合成聚合物和天然聚合物都用作第二种材料。最后，提供了一些建议以进一步增强这些复合膜的生物学和力学性能。
